There were cars with fortification tools, that is, spades and so forth, in the train. That is what I learned at the time. Should you not have been informed previously in one of your official capacities? how it actually happened. obligation of the Gestapo office to inform you? security Police. to say that you as Fuehrer of the general SS, committed no crimes as the Prosecution assorts, I have given some examples, and that the members of the general SS did not commit such crimes, so that in your opinion one cannot say that the general SS was a criminal organization. But I must now submit to you that proof of criminal deeds has been given. I remind you of the thousands of deaths in the concentration camps, of thousands of Einsatzgruppen and Einsatzkommandos, of thousands of Jews shot in the East by Einsatzgruppen and Einsatzkommandos, and I remind you of the gas chambers at Auschwitz. Now I ask you, what did you know of these things up to 1945?
A. I knew nothing. During the whole war, without interruption, I was in Munich, without being in the occupied territory. Today I knew that it was impossible for a person who was not initiated to penetrate into the secret parts of the concentration camp. There were indications here and there. In my official capacity I saw foreign papers which had be confiscated, but they contained things which were not true; I knew from my experience. As a result I considered reports on such atrocities as evidence of enemy propaganda. I did not listen to enemy radio broadcasts. As the Tribunal known, it was forbidden for every German. Since we had to punish people who broke this law, I did not think I should do it myself. As for the mass of the men of the General SS. they neither had a part in these atrocities nor did they know about them according to my firm conviction. I am convinced that on the basis of the good relation of confidence between my men and me, they would certainly have asked questions of me when they came to visit me on their leaves. They would have asked me certainly. They would have said, "Obergruppen Fuehrer, do you know about these things ? Is it true ? " No one of the men asked me anything like that.
Q. On the basis of your knowledge of the organization and the fact that you have learned after the beginning of the trial or after the collapse, do you maintain that the mass of members of the General SS for whom you are testifying here, did not have a part in these crimes ?
A. Yes.
Q. At the wish of the Court I have reduced the number of witnesses to the absolute minimum of five witnesses, I will only bring such witnesses as those who can give the Court answers on organizational questions and basic questions. Therefore, in spite of your high rank, I must ask you what the mass of these many thousands of unknown members of the SS, according to your conviction, knew ? I will submit affidavits, documents and other proof later.
A. In spite of my position and in spite of my survey, I knew nothing. I can only repeat; how were the men to know about it who were out at the front or the few who remained at home. The horrible things that happened after the catastrophe, the collpase -- those things were learned in the concentration camp.
Hundreds of thousands of people were on the move. Thousands of people were brought from the border territory into the few camps which were still available in southern Germany, in Dachau, There was an uninterrupted stream of people coming in throughout the winter. There was a typhus epidemic which claimed may victims. I learned that, also, only by accident through the Gauleiter and Reich Defense Commissioner. The workers for clearing away debris after air raids could not be supplied because of the typhus epidemic. tims. Moreover, in the last few weeks, railroad lines were destroyed. The food supply was blocked. There was hunger to a considerable extent. The Commandant told me it was impossible to stop this epidemic. There was no more medicine. The terrible pictures, about which we all know, which have been shown here. In any case, the mass of the men of the General SS and the other members of the Waffen SS could not have known about them since no one could see into the camp. The General SS for which I am peaking here could not have prevented it.
DR. PELCKMANN: For the point which the witness mentioned, the secret fear in the concentration camps and the difficulty of penetrating into them I refer particularly to the contents of the affidavits SS 64 to 67 and 69, affidavits of SS judges who concerned themselves with these things.
I have no more questions, Mr. President. Thank you. BY MR. ELWYN JONES:
Q. Witness, you denied on Saturday, that the SS was the heart of Nazism. Would you agree with me that it was the fist ?
A. I didn't understand exactly. I beg your pardon.
Q. I will put the question to you again. You denied on Saturday that the SS was the heart of Nazism, Would, you agree with the that it was the fist ?
A. I did not understand, the ward before "SS"?
Q. I will put the question to you again. I am surprised that you cannot understand the question. I will try again. You denied on Saturday that the SS was the heart of Nazism. Would you agree with me that it was the fist ? This the fist, (Indicating).
A. Oh, the fist. I assume that the Prosecutor means to say that with this fist we waged an attack. I can only point out that we, as SchutzStaffel had to protect leading personalities.
Q. What I meant by the fist was that the SS supplied the brute force of Nazism. Is that not so ?
A. I can only refer to what I described, that before 1933 we were a very small group of men, who up to 1933 amounted to about 25,000 to 35,000 men throughout Germany. Germany had about 65 million people in 1933, but it was in no proportion to the size of the Party as such.
Q. You are not answering my question, you know. You are wandering off into details that have no relevance to my question at all. I suggest to you that the killings by the SS on the 30th of Junes 1934 were a characteristic use of the SS as the fist of Nazism.
A. The events of the 30th of June 1934 were, according to my firm conviction and to that of my comrades, the result of a state of emergency and the orders which were given were carried out on the basis of the orders of the head of the state.
Q. You denied on Saturday that the SS had taken any part in the shootings of the 30th of Junes 1934. Are you seriously saying to the Tribunal that that is your evidence on that matter ?
A. I can only say that in my field, in my district, the General SS was in the barracks of the Wehrmacht and the police, not on the street, and they did not shoot.
Q. So you are saying that it was the Wehrmacht and the police that did the shooting that it was the forces of General Keitel and the others who were doing the shootings, are you ?
A. I did not mention those two names, nor did I say that the Whermacht had carried out the shootings. In answer to the question of the defense counsel, I told why I believed that there was a state of emergency. I said that I received instructions to establish contact with the commander, of the Wehrkreis, but that does not mean that the Wehrmacht was to supply executions details or anything like that, but only to have the possibility with the approval of the Wherkreis commander, to receive billets in barracks.
Q. You were a frequent visitor to Dachau, weren't you ?
A. Yes.
Q. And you saw nothing there except good shower baths, good food, satisfactory sanitation; that was a rest camp ? That was your evidence on Saturday about Dachau, wasn't it ?
A. I did not use the word "rest camp". I was a soldier from 1940 on and I had an impression of how it looks in troop billets and in a camp. I can only repeat that the sanitary installations which I saw were in excellent order, that during peacetime the prisoners had a very good state of nutrition and, as I saw during the war, they received average food like every other German. I can only say here on oath that which I myself saw with my own eyes.
Q. Did you ever ask to see the punishment cells, the completely dark cells where people were kept for three months on bread and water ?
A. I can recall that such a tour through the camp went through a cell prison, that was a stone building.
Q. If you answer my questions, we shall get on faster.
A. Yes.
Q. Did you ever see the completely dark cells ?
A. I must say that one cannot see from outside a cell whether it is dark. Of course, every cell in every prison can be darkened. I did not see any, but for example, I know as Police President, that for some prisoners there are cells with small windows. I didn't see them, but I will admit that there could have been such cells.
Q. Did you ever ask to see the camp regulations for the punishment of prisoners who committed offenses in the camp ?
A. No, I did not demand that. The camp commandant made an exhaustive rep during the tours. I had no authority to intervene in his affairs before these guests.
Q. I just want you to look at what the regulations were as early as May 1933.
MR. ELWYN JONES: I put the document D-922 my Lord, which will be Exhibit GB 548.
Q. (continuing) Now, these are the regulations for the camp of Dachau which was on your doorstep, you know, and you see in Paragraph 3 the punishments that can be imposed on prisoners :
"Cells may be mild, medium, or severe. The maximum term of the first two kinds is eight weeks and three months for the severe arrest. The execution of this kind of punishment is generally in solitary confinement. In the case of medium cells, the person undergoing punishment receives a hard bed and only bread and water for food. Severe cells takes the same form as the medium, but in a completely dark cell." will see that there is given power of life and death to the camp commandant of Dachau and his staff.
And in Paragraph 18, which sets out the procedure to be followed in the event of charges of disobedience for which a death penalty are decided by a camp crout which consists of the camp commandant, one or two officers to be nominated by the camp commandant and an SS man belonging to the guard personnel.
"The Prosecution is also to be undertaken by an SS man belonging to the camp commandant's office who is to be nominated by the camp commandant. In the case of an even vote, the President of the Cam. Court has the casting vote. The President, is the current camp commandant." way to these SS men who were running the concentration camps, witness ?
A. This document has no heading and no signature. I may point that out. I have not seen these regulations.
Q. I would be obliged if you would answer my question. Did you know that the power of life and death was given to the SS officials who ran these concentration camps as far back as 1933 ?
A. I do not know that. I cannot imagine it. I assume that executions were ordered by higher authorities, but I cannot pass judgment on that.
Q. But you were the Higher SS and Police Chief for many years. You were Himmler's man, you know, weren't you ?
Chief, the Oberabschnittsfuehrer of the General SS, and the Police President had no influence whatever on internal arrangements in the camp and were not the superiors of the camp commandant. Himmler, his personal representative. Are you saying to the Tribunal that you did not know what the details of Himmler's murderers' organization were? A According to these regulations which were shown to me, which indicate jurisdiction over life and death, I can only say that it was unknown to me, and that Himmler never once spoke to me about these things; nor did I ever receive regulations for measure in a concentration camp.
Q Did you ever hear of Oswald Pohl? was he not, the WVHA? employing murder as a means to establish loot on a colossal scale for the benefit of the Waffen SS and other SS organizations?
A Yes; I heard that in the camp where I was. I never heard anything about it beforehand, but gold teeth and such were collected. millions of marks to the coffers of the Reichsbank? And it was involving numerous departments of the Third Reich.
Q Let me just read to you Oswald Pohl's affidavit, given to Dr. Kempner upon this matter -- it is Document 4045PS, which will be GB 549 so that perhaps your memory may be refreshed. The affidavit reads:
"1. My name is Oswald Pohl, I was born in Duisburg, Germany, on 30th July 1892. Since 1st February 1934 I was chief of the Economic and Administration Main Office of the Elite Guard (Schutzstaffel) (WVHA). I occupied this position permanently until Germany's capitulation.
"2. Through my activity as Chief of the WVHA I remember clearly two large business deals between my office and the Reich Ministry of Economics and the Reich Bank of Mr. Walter Funk. One deal concerned textiles from persons killed in concentration camps. In this connection Himmler endeavoured to procure through Reich Economics Minister, Walter Funk, a higher allotment for the SS in the uniform material distribution. The other business deal concerned the business connection of my office with the Reich Bank President, Walter Funk, and the Reich Band with regard to jewelry, rings, told teeth, foreign exchange and other articles of value from the possessions of people, particularly Jews, who had been killed in concentration camps.
"3. The connection of my office with the Reich Bank with regard to textiles of persons who had been killed in concentration/amps, was instituted in the year 1941 or 1942. At that time I received the order from the Reich Fuehrer-SS and the German Police, Heinrich Himmler, who was my chief, to get in touch with the Reich Economics Minister, Walter Funk, to obtain a higher allotment of textiles for SS uniforms. Himmler instructed me to demand from Funk that we receive privileged treatment. The Ministry of Economics was receiving from the concentration camps a large amount of textiles delivered. These textiles had been collected in the extermination camp, Auschwitz, and other extermination camps, and then delivered to the proper office for used textiles.
"4. As a result of this order received from my superior, Himmler, I visited the Reich Economics Minister, Funk, in his offices. I waited only a short while in his ante-room and then met him alone in his office. I informed Funk of my instructions that I was to ask him for more textiles from the actions against Jews. I told him that we required these textiles for the Waffen-SS. The meeting lasted around ten minutes. It was openly discussed that we earned perhaps privileged treatment on account of the delivery of old clothes on dead Jews. It was a friendly conversation between Funk and myself and he, said to me that he would settle the matter favorably with the gentlemen concerned. How the subsequent settlement between Funk and his subordinates and my subordinates was handled in detail I do not know.
"5. The second business deal between Walter Funk and the SS concerned the delivery of articles of value of dead Jews to the Reich Bank. It was in the year 1941 or 1942 after larger quantities of articles of value, such as jewelry, gold rings, gold fillings, spectacles, gold watches and such, had been collected in the extermination camps. These articles of value came in packed crates to Berlin to the WVHA. Himmler had ordered us to deliver these things to the Reich Bank. I remember that Himmler explained to me that negotiations concerning this matter had been conducted with the Reichsbank and Mr. Funk. As a result of an agreement which my Chief had made, I discussed with Reichsbank Director Emil Puhl the manner of delivery. In this conversation no doubt remained that the objects to be delivered were the jewelry and valuables of concentration camp inmates, especially of Jews, who had been killed in extermination camps. The objects in question were rings, watches, eye glasses, gold bars, wedding rings, brooches, pins, frames of glasses, foreign currency and other valuables. Further discussions concerning the delivery of these objects took place between my subordinates and Puhl and other gentlemen of the Reichsbank. It was a giant quantity of valuables, since the delivery continued for months and years.
"A part of these valuables of people killed in death camps I saw myself when Reichsbank President Funk and Vice-President Puhl invited us to an inspection of the Reichsbank vaults and subsequently to dinner. I don't remember exactly whether this was in 1941 or in 1942, but I do remember that I already knew Funk personally at that time from the textile industry, as I have described above. Vice President Puhl and several other gentlemen of my staff went to the vaults of the Reichsbank, Puhl himself led us on this occasion and showed us gold bars and other valuable possessions of the Reichsbank. I remember exactly that various trunks of objects from concentration camps were opened. At this time Puhl of Waldhecker, who accompanied him, stated in my presence and in the presence of the gentlemen of my staff that a part of these valuables had been delivered by our office.
"After we had inspected the various valuables in the vaults of the Reichsbank, we went upstairs to a room in order to have dinner with Reichsbank President Funk; this had been arranged for the time following the inspection. Besides Funk and Puhl the gentlemen of my staff were present; we were about 10 to 12 persons. I sat beside Dunk and we talked among other things about the valuables, which I had seen in his vaults. On this occasion it was clearly stated that a part of the valuables which we had seen came from concentration camps.
Q Now, is the material contained in that affidavit news to you, witness?
Q You had no knowledge of it at all? Jewish people all over Europe? an SS member, had this task. I never saw Mr. Eichmann; I never had anything to do with him. I know the facts from this report in this trial. murder, was to secure loot for the SS and for kindred Nazi organizations?
A No, I did not know that. I know quite well that I was always in this country and never had anything to do with these matters. G-L-O-B-O-C-N-I-K?
A Yes; I met Globocnik once at a Fuehrer meeting. I talked to him once
Q He was a Higher SS and Police Chief like yourself, was he not?
A No, I do not believe so. At that time he was Oberfuehrer and Brigadefuehrer. As such he could not be Higher SS and Police Chief. And it was not in Germany. I know that.
Q We may he at cross purposes. I am speaking of the year 1943. In that year Globocnik was Higher SS and Police Chief in the operational zone of the Adriatic coast, was he not?
A That may be; I do not know. It was possible, but not in the Reich.
that you had no power of command over the SS and no authority over the police. That seems to have been a summary of your functions as Higher SS and Police Chief; is that right?
A Yes. I may remark that I expressly emphasized not only before this Tribunal but before the Commission as well that I cannot testify concerning the powers of the Higher SS and Police Chief outside of Germany.
Q I can assist you in that case. I want you to look at a report of your colleague, Globocnik, on the Action Reinhardt against the Jewish people of Poland.
MR. ELWYN JONES: It is Document 4024 PS, which will be Exhibit GB 550. It is a lengthy report. My Lord, with respect, it does merit the attention of the Tribunal. BY MR. ELWYN JONES: dated 5 January 1943. The letter starts:
"Reichsfuehrer, " I am taking the liberty of submitting to you in the enclosed a report on the economic development of the Action Reinhardt."
In the next paragraph:
"A proper winding up and my relief is necessary because I carried out this activity within the framework of the SS" -- I would like to underline those words, "within the framework of the SS" -- "and it must therefore be wound up in a proper manner with regard to the competent Reich authorities".
Then in a later paragraph it goes on:
"The total accounting is composed of two parts:
"1.) The economic part of the Action Reinhardt with the subdivisions, "a) Accounting and delivery of the assets seized and "b) Accounting of the assets attained by the work.
"2.) The Settlers' Economic Association, the conduct of those economy also rested on my work, and which is now being transferred to civilian hands."
Organization?
A (Ho response.)
Q Then there follows in Page 2 of the German text of this report:
"There is one additional factor to be added to the total accounting of 'Reinhardt' which is that the vouchers dealing with it must be destroyed as soon as possible." English -
THE PRESIDENT: Where is this part about the vouchers' being destroyed?
MR. ELWYN JONES: Paragraph 3, My Lord. Globocnik marked it "2", "The Settlers' Economic Association", in the next sentence to that. BY MR. ELWYN JONES: the Action Reinhardt, There are four copies only of that report. It was "gathered together in the SS Economic and Administrative Head Office." It says:
"The entire Action Reinhardt is divided into four spheres:
"A) The expulsion itself "B) The employment of labor "C) The exploitation of property "D) Seizure of hidden goods and landed property.
"A. The Deportation "This is settled and completed.
"In this case the prerequisite was to get hold of the people with the small forces available and to cause as little economic damage as possible to war production by methodically appropriate measures.
"On the whole this was achieved. Considerable damage occurred only in Warsaw, where, owing to ignorance of the position, the methods applied in the final action were entirely wrong."
Then I go to Paragraph B, "Employment of Manpower":
"The entire manpower was put into closed camps, to which essential war production was transferred.
"For this purpose the following conditions had to be created:
"1) Erection of all camps.
"2) Erection of work shops with all the working equipment, such as the installation of machinery, power supply, etc.
"3) The organization of provisions . . .
"4) Sanitation and Hygiene".
Then I want you particularly to notice 5, "Security measures":
"a) Achieved by adequate security precautions "b) By organization within the camp "c) By adequate guarding.
"For this purpose, the SS guards were developed, the overwhelming majority of whom carried out their duties satisfactorily led by the Germans.
"Their reliability was to be increased by mixing these guards with Reich German guards from concentration camps.
"d) The preconditions for a satisfactory security system were created by these comps being taken over by the concentration camp department of the WVHA".
"6) The proper administration and methodical treatment were made possible thanks to extensive training of the German leading personnel. It became apparent that the working capacity of the Jews in the camps was constant increasing." the name of "Osti", and the German Equipment Works:
"A total of 18 works was established; it was intended to add more. About 52,000 workers were available. These conditions of work make it possible to accept urgent orders both from the Armament Inspectorate and from Speer, the Reich Ministry, and thus to replace bombed out works. The demand from these offices was considerable. 'Osti' and the German Equipment Works were firms under my own supervision, whereas other concerns, such as the Heinkel Aircraft Works, were only looked after by me."
And then Paragraph C is on Page 5 of your German text: Exploitation of Property. This had been completed, as shown in Enclosure 2 which I shall come to in a moment.
Paragraph D: Seizure of Hidden Goods. "The seizure of hidden goods and exploitation of landed property is divided into: 1) Property such as machinery, raw materials etc., handed over by the 'Osti' to Aryans. To date the result is 6.3 million Reichsmarks; a further 7-8 million Reichsmarks are yet to be brought in.
Paragraph 2: "Seizure of Jewish assets at home and abroad in that the camp inmates were ordered to cede these claims to the 'Osti', which then carried out the recovery. The first attempt resulted in a cession of an amount of 11,000,000 Zloty, at least half of which appeared obtainable. However, since it was also possible to discover money that had been smuggled abroad, this action could have brought valuable foreign currency to the Reich.
Paragraph 3: Real estate was transferred to the Real Estate Administrative of the Government General for exploitation."
Then the measures taken were as follows: "1) On the 13th of August, 1943, the SS Training Camp of Trawniki was handed over by SS Obergruppenfuehrer Pohl.
"2) On the 7th of September, 1943, in a conference with SS Obergruppenfuehrer Pohl the taking over of ten SS Working Camps in the Lublin District as subsidiaries of Lublin Concentration Camp was decided on and in addition the further handing over of further working camps in the Government General.
The head of the Lublin Concentration Camp was provided with suitable contracts. The conference was brought about by SS Obergruppenfuehrer Krueger and SS Standartenfuehrer Scbellin."
Then Paragraph 3: "In pursuance thereof, a letter of the Commandant of the Lublin Concentration Camp, dated 14; September 1943, to the SS Working Camps announced that they had become subsidiaries of the Lublin Concentration Camp."
And then there follows the sentence: "The nixing of guards of foreign race with the German Concentration Camp guards from the Reich has also been initiated."
And I needn't trouble you with the rest of that document.
If you will turn to Page 8 of the German text you will see the "Report on the administrative development of the Action Reinhardt, "just two pages, in the English text, from the one that I have just read. The first paragraph described the assets of this Action Reinhardt.
Paragraph three of the text says: "The assets I collected were regularly delivered to the SS Economic and Administrative Head office against receipts, and they in turn passed on the assets to the Reichsbank, the Reich Ministry of Finance, textile concerns, etc." should read the next paragraph: "On the orders of the Reichsfuhrer SS, necessary articles could be removed for the maintenance of persons of the German race. The Reichsfuehrer SS forbade any appropriation for the purpose of the SS."
But you will see later how this was qualified: "What is remarkable about the accounting is that no hard and fast basis for the amount collected existed, as the collection of the assets was carried out under orders and only the dencency and honesty, as well as the surveillance of the SS men used for this purpose, could guarantee a complete delivery." because it is not without interest, you know.
and Zloty. "By far the greater portion was placed at the disposal of the SS Economist in the Government General and the amounts were credited to the Action Reinhardt in Reichsmarks by the W.V.H.A. Office by an accounting transaction and handed over to the Reichsbank."
Next page, Paragraph 2: "Foreign Currency in bank notes or coined gold was collected, sorted, and also handed over to the Reichsbank via the W.V.H.A."
Then page 10 of your German text: "Jewels, jewelry, watches and such like were sorted according to their value and delivered to the W.V.H.A. On orders from this office, watches of non-precious metals were handed over to the troops, spectacles were repaired and placed at the disposal of wounded persons, and utensils of no value were principally handed over to Wehrmacht authorities to cover urgent needs."
Paragraph 4: "Textiles, garments, underclothing, bed feathers and rags were collected and sorted according to their quality. The sorted articles had to be searched for hidden valuables and finally disinfected. More than 1,900 wagons were then placed at the disposal of the authorities named by the Reich Ministry of Economy by order of the W.V.H.A. Out of the so stocks not only foreign workers were clothed but a large portion was used for re-manufacture. The best garments were separated and by order of the Reichsfuehrer SS were used for supplying persons of the German race. Shoes were also sorted according to how far they could be used and then either given to persons of German race or to concentration camps for supplying inmates, or else taken to pieces and used for wooden shoes for supplying inmates."
Paragraph 5: "Individual valuables of a special kind, such as stamps, coins and such like, were sorted and delivered to the W.V.H.A."
Paragraph 8 on page 11 of your German text: "Valuable furniture and household utensils were reconditioned and mainly put at the disposal of settlers of German race. But furniture was also loaned to German and Wehrmacht authorities against an accommodation bill. Inferior goods were either destroyed or given to the population as a reward for good work at the harvest, etc."
The last paragraph: "The total value of the articles received is, according to the attached list, approximately 18,000,000 Reichsmarks. However, minimum values have been assured, so that the total value is most likely twice as much, quite apart from the value of the articles obtained which are in short supply, such as textiles, of which alone more than 1,900 wagons have been made available to German industry."
report: "Assets delivered from Action Reinhardt. The following assets from the Action 'Reinhardt' were delivered to the W.V.H.A., Berlin, for further transmission to the Reichsbank or to the Reich Ministry of Economics:
a) Reichsmark sums totalling 53,000,000 plus marks; b) currency in bank notes from all the principal countries in the world (half a million dollars being particularly to be noted) to a total value of 1,450,000 Reichsmarks; c) foreign currency in gold coins to a total value of 843,000 Reichsmarks; d) precious metals . . . to a total value of 5,353,000 Reichsmarks; e) other valuables such as jewelry, watches, spectacles etc. (the number of watches being particularly worthy of note -- about 16,000 in working order and about 51,000 requiring repair; they have been placed at the disposal of the troops) value 26,000,000 odd Reichsmarks; f) about 1,000 wagons of textiles to a total value of 13,000,000 odd Reichsmarks. Grand total, 100,047,000 Reichsmarks 1,000 wagins of textiles and about another 50% of the above mentioned assets -- which still have to be counted and valued -- are warehoused here.
It should be noted here that the estimated values were based on the officially established rates of exchange or prices, which, however, would be much higher on the open market, for instance in the sale of precious stones or precious metals abroad, as the flight to investments in articles whose value is not subject to much fluctuation is much greater there than with us. Besides these sales abroad bring us foreign currency. If these prices were taken as a basis of evaluation here, this was done in order to be able to give a picture of the assets delivered; in general this evaluation is not authoritative. The value of the acquisition lies principally in the fact that such large quantities of urgently needed raw materials can thereby be gained and that, on the basis of the assets obtained, foreign currency can be brought in with which new materials can in turn be bought by Reich authorities." to the 3rd of February, 1943. This is a sort of interim report: Cash in hand: 53,000,000; foreign currency in notes, 14,000,000 odd.
Then on Page 15 of the report: Currency in gold coins of all the different countries of the world, 843,000 odd Reichsmarks; 5,000,000 odd in precious metals.
Then I want you to look at Page 16 of this report, Witness: Other valuables: gold revolving pencils, 578 gentlemen's wrist watches, 13,445 gentlemen's pocket watches, and various ladies' jewelry; then the item 22,324 spectacles, and then next but one to that, 11,675 rings; then all the precious little possessions of these people, necklaces, a mother of pearl opera glass, each one itemized down to the very last sordid Reichsmark. possessions, making a total of 26,000,000 Reichsmarks.
DR. PELCKMANN: Mr. President, I ask for permission to interrupt the reading of this document for a moment. I object to the use of these documents in the examination of this witness. The witness is to be examined as to his credibility by the prosecution. The submission of these documents does not serve this purpose. In his testimony the witness has said that he had no authority over concentration carp administration. Nevertheless, a document is shown to him concerning penal regulations in a concentration camp. He said he did not know it. Continuing with the same system, the prosecution attempts to submit a document -
THE PRESIDENT: The Tribunal is perfectly well aware that -
DR. PELCKMANN: I did not understand, Mr. President. I bog your pardon.
THE PRESIDENT: I say the Tribunal is perfectly well aware that this is a new document and they will take into account everything that this witness says.
DR. PELCKMANN: I beg your pardon, Mr. President.
THE PRESIDENT. I say, the Tribunal is perfectly well aware that this is a new document and that the Tribunal will take into consideration everything that the witness says and how far it appears that he has had anything to do with the document in considering the question of his credibility. Your objection is therefore rejected.
(A recess was taken.)
Aug-5-RT-7-1 Ahuna
MR. ELWYN JONES: Reading a number of extracts, the total possessions of Jewish Poles was 26 million. For textiles, there were 462 wagons of rags, 251 wagons of bed feathers, 371 wagons of clothing and underclothing, and then follows a total of over one hundred million Reichsmarks. Pages 13 and 19, you needn't trouble with that. Then, you turn to page 20 of the German text, and, My Lord, page 16a of the English text. You see a report on the exports of the slave labor from one of these camps which was set up for the benefit of the German Armament Industry. There is listed the various details of the work on various manufactured articles. "41 Aryan leading personnel ran, 5,445 Jewish workers who worked 1,115,000 working days in the first 10 months of the year 1943, with 31,000,000 Zlety in the bank and till." given to the slave camps. "The orders were covered by 83% work for the Wehrmacht and 17% for the civil field."
Next, turn to page 23 of the German text, page 19 of the English text. It is the provisional Balance sheet of the Action 'Reinhardt' till, Lublin, for 15 December 1943.. The following money and stocks were brought to the German Reich during the course of the Action 'Reinhardt', Lublin, during the period 1 April 1942 to 15 December 1943 inclusive." The Tribunal will see, from these figures, that in the meantime, additional loot had been obtained. "Cash in hand, 17,000,000 Reichmark notes and coins, 3,900,000; to the Reichsbank Berlin, Zlety notes and coins, 5,000,000; to the SS economist, Cracew, 50,000,000; loans for 38 industrial concerns, 8,218,000."
Then on the next page there's a table of the foreign currency that was lootedcurrency and then notes, and then there comes, once more, a list of the private possesions of the poles and Jews that were taken away wings, ladies' gold wristwatches, Gentlemens's gold pocket watches, ladies' fob watches with brilliants, ladies' watches of platinum and brill, ladies gold fob watches, 29, 391 spectacles, shaving equipment, pocket knives, alarm clocks, sunglasses, silver cigarette cases, clinical thermometers, all detailed to the last mark with a total of 43,662,000 reichsmarks. Then the industry increased by 9,000,000 more workers. There were 1,901 wagons of clothing, underclothing, bed feathers and rags to an average value of 26,000,000 reichsmarks. Total compilation of the total loot up to the end of December, 1913, 178,745,000 Reichsmarks.