Germany on a voluntary basis. At the March 1, 1944 meeting of this same Central Planning Board, to which we have made reference before, the Defendant Sauckel made clear himself, the vast scale on which free men had been forced into this labor slavery. He made the statement, and I quote from Document R 124, which is in evidence as U.S.A. Exhibit No 179, and from which I have quoted earlier this morning. I wish to refer to page 11 of that document, the middle paragraph, paragraph 3. In the German text it appears at page 4, paragraph 2, (the Defendant Sauckel speaking), and I quote directly from that document:
"Out of five million foreign workers who arrived in Germany, not even 200,000 came voluntarily." odd persons from their children, from their homes, from their native lands.
insisted that this vast number of wretched human beings, who were in the so-called old Reich as forced laborers, must be starved, given less than sufficient to eat, often beaten and mistreated, and permitted to die wholesale for want of food, for want of even the fundamental requirements of decent clothing, for the want of adequate shelter or indeed, sometimes just because they produced too little. Document 054-PS, which is a report made to the Defendant Rosenberg, concerning the treatment of Ukranian labor. I wish to refer to Document 054-PS, which bears the number U.S.A. Exhibit 198. Before quoting from it directly, according to this report the plight of these hapless victims was aggravated because many were dragged off without opportunity to collect their possessions. Indeed, men and women were snatched from bed and lodged in cellars, pending deportation. Some arrived in night clothing. Brutal guards beat them. They were locked in railroad cars for long periods without any toilet facilities at all, without food, without water, without heat. The women were subjected to physical and moral indignities and indecencies during medical examinations. of a covering letter to the Defendant Rosenberg, first of all, and is signed by one Theurer, a Lieutenant in the Wehrmacht, to which is attached a copy of a report by the Commandant of the Collecting Center for Ukrainian Specialists at Charkow, and it also consists of a letter written by one of the specialists in the Rosenberg office - no, by one of the workers, not in the Rosenberg office, but one of the specialists they were recruiting, by the name of Grigori. I wish to quote from the report at page 2, starting at paragraph 4 of the English text and in the German text it appears at page 3, paragraph 4. Quoting directly from that page of the English text:
"The starosts, that is village elders, are frequently corruptible, they continue to have the skilled workers, whom they drafted, dragged from their beds at night to be locked up in cellars until they are shipped.
Since the male and female workers often are not given any time to pack their luggage, and so forth, many skilled workers arrive at the Collecting Center for Skilled Workers with equipment entirely insufficient (without shoes, only two dresses, no eating and drinking utensils, no blankets, etc.). In particularly extreme cases, new arrivals therefore have to be sent back again immediately to get the things most necessary for them. If people do not come along at once, threatening and beating of skilled, workers by the above mentioned militia is a daily occurrence and is reported from most of the communities. In some cases women were beaten until they could no longer march. One bad case in particular was reported by me to the commander of the civil police here (Colonel Samek) for severe punishment (place Sozokinkow, district Dergatschni). The encroachments of the starosts and the militia are of a particularly grave nature because they usually justify themselves by claiming that all that is done in the name of the German Armed Forces. In reality, the latter have conducted themselves throughout in a highly understanding manner toward the skilled workers and the Ukrainian population. The same, however, cannot be said of some of the administrative agencies. To illustrate this be it mentioned, that a woman once arrived being dressed with barely more than a shirt." line of the third paragraph and in the German text it appears at page 5, paragraph 2, quoting directly again:
"On the basis of reported incidents, attention must be called to the fact that it is irresponsible to keep workers locked in the cars for many hours so that they cannot even take care of the calls of nature. It is evident that the people of a transport must be given an opportunity from time to time, in order to get drinking water, to wash, and in order to relieve themselves. Cars have been shown in which people had made holes so that they could take care of the calls of nature. When nearing bigger stations, persons should, if possible, relieve themselves far from these stations."
Turning to page 5 of the same document, paragraph 12; in the German text it appears at page 6, paragraph 1:
"The following abuses were reported from the delousing stations:
"In the women's and girls' shower rooms, services were partly performed by men or men would mingle around or even helped with the soaping and vice versa, there were female personnel in the men's shower rooms; men also for sometime were taking photographs in the women's shower rooms. Since mainly Ukrainian peasants were transported in the last months, as far as the female portion of these are concerned, they were mostly of a high moral standard and used to strict decency, they must have considered such a treatment as a national degradation. The above mentioned abuses have been, according to our knowledge, settled by the intervention of the transport commanders. The reports of the photographing were made from Halle; the reports about the former were made from Kiewerce. Such incidents in complete disregard with honor and respect of the Greater German Reich may still occur again here or there." discriminately with the rest. Those who managed to survive the trip into Germany, but who arrived too sick to work, were returned like cattle, together with those who fell ill at work, because they were of no further use to the Germans. The return trip took place under the same terrible conditions as the initial journey, and without any kind of medical supervision. Death came to many and their corpses were unceremoniously dumped out of the cars, with no provision for burial.
I quote from page 3, paragraph 3 of Document 054-PS. In the German text it appears at page 2, paragraph 3. Quoting directly:
"Very depressing for the morale of the skilled workers and the population is the effect of those persons shipped back from Germany for having become disabled or not having been fit for labor commitment from the very beginning. Several times already transports of skilled workers on their way to Germany have crossed returning transports of such disabled persons and have stood on the tracks alongside of each other for a longer period of time.
These returning transports are insufficiently cared for. Nothing but sick, injured or weak people, mostly 56 to 60 in a car, are usually escorted by 3 to 4 men. There is neither sufficient care or food. The returnees made frequently unfavourable -- but surely exaggerated -- statements relative to their treatment in Germany and on the way. As a result of all this and of what the people could see with their own eyes, a psychosis of fear was evoked among the specialist workers, that is, the whole transport to Germany. Several transport leaders of the 62nd and the 63rd in particular reported thereto in detail. In one case the leader of the transport of skilled workers observed with his own eyes how a person who died of hunger was unloaded from a returning transport on the side track. (First Lt. Hofman of the 63rd Transport Station, Darniza). Another time it was reported that three dead had to be deposited by the side of the tracks on the way and had to be left behind unburied by the escort. It is also regrettable that these disabled persons arrive here without any identification. According to the reports of the transport commanders, one gets the impression that these persons unable to work, are assembled, penned into the wagons and sent off provided only by a few men escorts, and without special care for food and medical or other attendance. The labor Office at the place of arrival as well as the transport commanders confirm this impression." shared cars with those infected with tuberculosis or venereal diseases. Babies, when born, were hurled out of these car windows and dying persons lay on the bare floors of freight cars without even the small comfort of straw.
I refer to Document 984-PS, which is U.S.A. Exhibit No. 199. This document is an interdepartmental report, prepared by Dr. Gutkelch, in the Defendant Rosenberg's Ministry and it is dated the 30th of September, 1942. I wish to quote from page 10 of the English text, starting with the fourth line from the top of the page. In the German text it appears at page 22, paragraph 1.
Quoting directly from that paragraph:
"How necessary this interference was is shown by the fact that this train with returning laborers had stopped at the same place where a train with newly recruited Eastern laborers had stopped. Because of the corpses in the trainload of returning laborers, a catastrophe might have been precipitated had it not been for the mediation of Mrs. Miller. In this train women gave birth to babies who were thrown out of the windows during the journey, people having tuberculosis and venereal diseases rode in the same car, dying people lay in freight cars without straw, and one of the dead was thrown on the railway embankment. The same must have occurred in other returning transports." Sauckel himself in a decree which he issued on the 20th of July, 1942; and I refer specifically to Document No. 2241-PS-3, which is USA Exhibit No. 200. I ask that the Tribunal take judicial notice of the original decree, which is published in Section B-1-a, at page 18-e, of a book entitled "Die Beschaeftigung von Auslaendischen Arbeitskraeften im Deutschland." I quote from page 1, paragraph 2, of the English text, and I am quoting directly:
"According to reports of transportation commanders (Transportleiters) presented to me, the special trains provided by the German railway have frequently been in a really deficient condition. Numerous windowpanes have been missing in the coaches. Old French coaches without lavatories have been partly employed so that the workers had to fit up an emptied compartment as as lavatory. In other cases, the coaches were not heated in winter" so that the lavatories quickly became unusable because the Water system was frozen and the flushing apparatus was therefore without water." number of the documents which we have referred to--and which we have offered-consist of complaints by functionaries of the Defendant Rosenberg's ministry, or by others, concerning the conditions under which foreign workers were recruited and lived. I think it is appropriate to say that these documents have been presented by the Prosecution really for two purposes, or for a dual purpose, to establish, first, the facts recited therein, of course, but also to show that these conspirators had knowledge of these conditions, and that notwithstanding their knowledge of these conditions, these conspirators continued to countenance and assist in this enslavement program of a vast number of citizens of occupied countries.
unbelievable brutality and degradation by their captors; and the character of this treatment was in part made plain by the conspirators' own statements, as in Document No. 016-PS, which is in evidence as USA Exhibit No. 168, and I refer to page 12, paragraph 2 of the English text; in the German text it appears at page 17, paragraph 4.
Quoting directly:
"All the men must be fed, sheltered, and treated in such a way as to exploit them to the highest possible extent at the lowest conceivable degree of expenditure." adherent in the Defendant Speer who, in the presence of the Defendant Sauckel, said, at a meeting of the Central Planning Board--and I refer to Document No. R-124, which is already in evidence and which has been referred to previously. It bears the Exhibit number 179. I refer particularly to page 42 of that Document R-124, and paragraph 2 of that page 42. The Defendant Speer speaking at that meeting:
"We must also discuss the slackers. Ley has ascertained that the sick-list decreased to one-fourth or one-fifth in factories where doctors are on the staff who are examining the sick men. There is nothing to be said against SS and police taking drastic steps and putting those known as slackers into concentration camps. There is no alternative. Let it happen several times and the news will soon go around." Milch agreed that so far as workers were concerned--and again I refer to Document R-124, and to page 26, paragraph 2 in the English text; and in the German Text at page 17, paragraph 1. Field Marshal Milch, speaking at a meeting of the Central Planning Board when the Defendant Speer was present-and I am quoting directly:
"The list of the shirkers should be entrusted to Himmler's trustworthy hands."
THE PRESIDENT: Page 17?
MR. DODD: No, Your Honor; page 26, paragraph 2. The page 17 was of the German text; in the English text it is at page 26.
THE PRESIDENT: Thank you.
MR. DODD: Milch made particular reference to foreign workers-again in this Document R-124, at page 26, paragraph 3; in the German text it appears at page 18, paragraph 3--when he said, and I am quoting him directly:
"It is therefore not possible to exploit fully all the foreigners unless we compel them by piece-work or we have the possibility of taking measures against foreigners who are not doing their bit." policy as expressed by the conspirators. Indeed, these impressed workers were underfed and overworked, and they were forced to live in grossly overcrowded camps where they were held as virtual prisoners, and were otherwise denied adequate shelter, adequate clothing, adequate medical care and treatment and, as a consequence, they suffered from many diseases and ailments. They were generally forced to work long hours, up to and beyond the point of exhaustion. They were beaten and subjected to all manner of inhuman indignities. prevailed in the Krupp factories. Foreign laborers at the Krupp works were given insufficient food to enable them to perform the work required of them.
I refer to Document No. D-316, which is USA Exhibit No. 201. This document was found in the Krupp files.
It is a memorandum upon the Krupp stationery to a Mr. Hupe, a director of the Krupp Locomotive Factory in Essen, Germany, dated the 14th of March, 1942.
I wish to refer to page 1 of the English text, starting with paragraph 1, as follows, and I am quoting directly:
"During the last few days we established that the food for the Russians employed here is so miserable, that the people are getting weaker from day to day.
"Investigations showed that single Russians are not able to place a piece of metal for turning into position, for instance, because of lack of physical strength.
The same conditions exist in all places of work where Russians are employed."
The condition of foreign workers in Krupp workers' camps is described in detail in an affidavit executed in Essen, Germany, by Dr. Wilhelm Jager, who was the senior camp doctor. It is Document No. 288, which is USA Exhibit No. 202.
THE PRESIDENT: 288-PS?
MR. DODD: D-288.
"I, Dr. Wilhelm Jager, am a general practitioner in Essen, Germany, and its surroundings. I was born in Germany on 2 December, 1888, and now live at Kettwig, Sengenholz, Germany. I make the following statement of my own free will. I have not been threatened in any way and I have not been promised any sort of reward.
"On the 1st of October, 1942, I became senior camp doctor in Krupp's workers' camps, and was generally charged with the medical supervision of all Krupp's workers' camps in Essen. In the course of my duties it was my responsibility to report upon the sanitary and health conditions of the workers' camps to my superiors in the Krupp works. It was a part of my task to visit every Krupp camp which housed foreign civilian workers, and I am therefore able to make this statement on the basis of my personal knowledge.
"My first official act as senior camp doctor was to make a thorough inspection of the various camps. At that time, in October 1942, I found the following conditions:
"The eastern workers and Poles who labored in the Krupp works at Essen were kept at camps at Seumannstrasse, Spenlestrasse, Grieperstrasse, Heecstrasse, Germaniastrasse, Kapitan-Lehmannstrasse, Dechenschule, and Kramerplatz. (When the term "eastern workers" is hereinafter used, it is to be taken as including Poles.) All of the camps were surrounded by barbed wire and were closely guarded.
"Conditions in all of these camps were extremely bad. The camps were greatly overcrowded. In some camps there were twice as many people in a ERRATUM SHEET
This meat was usually cooked into a soup:"
"The clothing of the eastern workers was likewise completely inadequate. They worked and slept in the same clothing in which they had arrived from the east. Virtually all of them had no overcoats and were compelled, therefore, to use their blankets as coats in cold and rainy weather. In view of the shortage of shoes many workers were forced to go to work in their bare feet, even in the winter. Wooden shoes were given to some of the workers, but their quality was such as to give the workers sore feet. Many workers preferred to go to work in their bare feet rather than endure the suffering caused by the wooden shoes. Apart from the wooden shoes, no clothing of any kind was issued to the workers until the latter part of 1943, when a single blue suit was issued to some of them. To my knowledge, this represented the sole issue of clothing to the workers from the time of their arrival until the American forces entered Essen.
"Sanitary conditions were exceedingly bad. At Kramerplatz, where approximately 1,200 eastern workers were crowded into the rooms of an old school, the sanitary conditions were atrocious in the extreme. Only 10 childrens' toilets were available for the 1200 inhabitants. At Dechenschule, 15 childrens' toilets were available for the 400-500 eastern workers. Excretion contaminated the entire floors of these lavatories. There were also few facilities for washing. The supply of bandages, medicine, surgical instruments, and other medical supplies at these camps was likewise altogether insufficient. As a consequence, only the very worst cases were treated."
barrack as health conditions permitted. At Kramerplatz, the inhabitants slept in treble-tiered bunks, and in the other camps they slept in doubletiered bunks. The health authorities prescribed a minimum space between beds of 50 em, but the bunks in these camps were separated by a maximum of 20 to 30 em.
"The diet prescribed for the eastern workers was altogether insufficient. They were given 1,000 calories a day less than the minimum prescribed for any German. Moreover, while German workers engaged in the heaviest work received 5,000 calories a day, the eastern workers in comparable jobs received only 2,000 calories. The eastern workers were given only two meals a day and their bread ration. One of these two meals consisted of a thin, watery soup. I had no assurance that the eastern workers, in fact, received the minimum which was prescribed. Subsequently, in 1943, when I undertook to inspect the food prepared by the cooks, I discovered a number of instances in which food was withheld from the workers.
"The plan for food distribution called for a small quantity of meat per week. Only inferior meats, rejected by the veterinary, such as horse meat or tuberculin-infested, was permitted for this purpose. This meat was usually cooked into a soup.
"The percentage of eastern workers who were ill was twice as great as amoung the Germans. Tuberculosis was particularly widespread among the eastern workers. The tuberculosis rate among them was 4 times the normal rate (2 per cent eastern workers, German, .5 per cent). At Dechenschule approximately 2 1/2 per cent of the workers suffered from open tuberculosis. These were all active tuberculosis cases. The Tarters and Kirghis suffered most; as soon as they were overcome by this disease they collapsed like flies. The cause was bad housing, the poor quality and insufficient quantity of food, overwork, and insufficient rest.
"These workers were likewise afflicted with spotted fever. Lice, the carrier of this disease, together with countless fleas, bugs and other vermin tortured the inhabitants of these camps. As a result of the filthy conditions of the camps nearly all eastern workers were afflicted with skin disease. The shortage of food also caused many cases of Hunher-Odem, Nephritis and Shighakruse.
"It was the general rule that workers were compelled to go to work unless a camp doctor had prescribed that they were unfit for work. At Seumannstrasse, Grieperstrasse, Germanistrasse, Kapitan-Lehmannstrasse, and Dechenschule, there was no daily sick call. At these camps, the doctors did not appear for two or three days. As a consequence, workers were forced to go to work despite illnesses.
"I undertook to improve conditions as well as I could. I insisted upon the erection of some new barracks in order to relieve the overcrowded conditions of the camps. Despite this, the camps were still greatly overcrowded, but not as much as before. I tried to alleviate the poor sanitary conditions in Krammerplatz and Dechenschule by causing the installation of some emergency toilets, but the number was insufficient, and the situation was not materially altered.
"With the onset of heavy air raids in March 1943, conditions in the camps greatly deteriorated. The problem of housing, feeding, and medical attention became more acute than ever. The workers lived in the ruins of their former barracks. Medical supplies which were used up, lost or destroyed, were difficult to replace. At times, the water supply at the camps was completely shut off for periods of eight to fourteen days. We installed a few emergency toilets in the camps, but there were far too few of them to cope with the situation.
"During the period immediately following the March 1943 raids many foreign workers were made to sleep at the Krupp factories in the same rooms in which they worked. The day workers slept there at nights, and the night workers slept there during the day despite the noise which constantly prevailed. I believe that this condition continued until the entrance of American troops into Essen.
"As the pace of air raids was stepped up, conditions became progressively worse. On 28 July 1944, I reported to my superiors that:
"'The sick barrack in camp Rabenhorst is in such a bad condition one cannot speak of a sick barrack anymore. The rain leaks through in every corner. The housing of ill is therefore impossible. The necessary labour for production is in danger because those persons who are ill cannot recover.'
"At the end of 1943, or the beginning of 1944 -- I am not completely visit the prisoner of war camps.
My inspection revealed that conditions eastern workers in 1942.
Medical supplies at such camps were virtually non-existent.
In an effort to cure this intolerable situation, I con care for the prisoners of war.
My persistent efforts came to nothing.
"The French prisoner of war camp in Nogerratstrasse had been des half a year in dog kennels, urinals, and in old baking houses.
The dog kennels were three feet high, nine feet long, and six feet wide.
Five me slept in each of them.
The prisoners had to crawl into these kennels on all fours.
The camp contained no tables, chairs, or cupboards. The supp of blankets was inadequate.
There was not water in the camp. That treat ment was extended was given in the open.
Many of these conditions were reported to me in a report by Dr. Stinnesbeck dated 12 June 1944, in which he said:
"Three hundred fifteen prisoners are still accommodated in the camp.
in Grunertatrasse under the Essen-Mulheim railway line. This tunnel is Krupps works.
The first medical attention is given by a French Military Doctor who takes great pains with his fellow countrymen.
Sick people fro Krupp factories must he brought to the sick parade.
This parade is held in the lavoratory of a burned out public house outside the camp.
The men's room.
In the sick bay there is a double tier wooden bed. In general, the treatment takes place in the open.
In rairv weather it is held in the above mentioned small room.
These are insufferable conditions.
There are no chairs, tables, cupboards, or water. The keeping of a register of sick people is impossible.
Bandages and medical supplies are hospital.
There are many loud and lively complaints about food which the 'Illness and loss of manpower must be reckoned with under these conditions'."Camp Humboldstrasse has been inhabitated by Italian prisoners of war.
After it had been destroyed by an air raid, the Italians were re brought in to work at the Krupp factories.
Upon my first visit at Camp "I was the first doctor they had seen for at least a fortnight.
There was no doctor in attendance at the camp. There was no medical supplies in the camp.
They had no shoes and went about in their bare feed and head.
Their hair was shorn. The camp was surrounded by barbed wire "The amount of food in the camp was extremely meagre and of very poor quality.
The houses in which they lived consisted of the ruins of weather conditions.
I reported to my superiors that the guards lived and attacked by 10, 20 and up to 50 fleas.
One camp doctor employed by me refused to enter the camp again after he had been bitten very badly.
I visited this camp with Mr. Groene on two occasions and both times we left the camp with badly bitten.
We had great difficulty in getting rid of the fleas and insects which had attacked us.
As a result of this attack by body.
I asked my superiors at the Krupp works to undertake the vermin-infested condition.
Despite this report, I did not find any im "When foreign workers finally became too sick to work or were com from there, they were sent to a camp at Friedrichsfeld.
Among persons operation, old age, and general feebleness.
I know nothing about condi tions at this camp because I have never visited it.
I only know that it "My colleagues and I reported all of the foregoing matters to Mr. IHH, Director of Friedrich WRWPP A., Dr. Wiels, personal physician of times to the health department.
Moreover, I know that these gentlemen "/signed/ Dr. Willhelm Jager."
THE PRESIDENT: We will adjourn now until two o'clock.
(WHEREUPON at 1235 the Tribunal recessed.)
Military Tribunal, in the matter of:
MR. DODD: May it please the Tribunal: We had just completed the reading of the affidavit executed by Dr. Wilhelm Jager at the noon recess. The conditions which were described in this affidavit were not confined to the Krupp factories alone but existed throughout Germany, and we turn to a report of the Polish Main Committee made to the Administration of the General Government Poland, Document R-103, which has the number 204 as its number for the U.S. Exhibit. This document is dated the 17th day of May, 1944, and describes the situation of the Polish workers in Germany, and I wish to refer particularly to page 2 of the English translation, starting with paragraph 2; in the German text it appears at page 2, paragraph 2, also. In quoting from the document, it reads:
"The cleanliness of many overcrowded camp rooms is contrary to the most elementary requirements. Often there is no opportunity to obtain warm water for washing; therefore, the cleanest parents are unable to maintain even the most primitive standard of hygiene for their children or often even to wash their only set of linen. A consequence of this is the spreading of scabies which cannot be eradicated.
"We receive imploring letters from the camps of eastern workers and their prolific families beseeching us for food. The quantity and quality of camp rations mentioned therein -- the so-called fourth grads of rations -- is absolutely insufficient to maintain the energies spent in heavy work. 3.5 kg. of bread weekly and a thin soup at lunch time, cooked with swedes or other vegetables without any meat or fat, with a meager addition of potatoes now and then is a hunger ration for a heavy worker.
"Sometimes punishment consists of starvation which is inflicted, that is, for refusal to wear the badge 'East'. Such punishment has the result that workers faint at work (Klosterteich Camp, Gruenheim, Saxony). The consequence is complete exhaustion, an ailing state of health, and tuberculosis.
The spreading of tuberculosis among the Polish factory workers is a result of the deficient food rations meted out in the community camps because energy spent in heavy work cannot be replaced.
"The call for help which reaches us brings to light starvation and hunger, severe stomach intestinal trouble, especially in the case of children, resulting from the insufficiency of food which does not take into consideration the needs of children. Proper medical treatment or care for the sick are not available in the mass camps." End of the quotation. the first paragraph. In the German text it appears at page 5, paragraph 1:
"In addition to these bad conditions, there is lack of systematic occupation for and supervision of these hosts of children, which affects the life of prolific families in the camps. The children, left to themselves without schooling or religious care, must run wild and grow up illiterate. Idleness in rough surroundings may and will create unwanted results in these children. An indication of the awful conditions this may lead to is given by the fact that in the camps for eastern workers (camp for Eastern workers, 'Waldlust', Post Office Lauf, Pegnits) there are cases of 8-year old delicate and undernourished children put to forced labor and perishing from such treatment.
"The fact that these bad conditions dangerously affect the state of health and the vitality of the workers is proved by the many cases of tuberculosis found in very young people returning from the Reich to the General Government as unfit for work. Their state of health is usually so bad that recovery is out of the question. The reason is that a state of exhaustion resulting from overwork and a starvation diet is not recognized as an ailment until the illness betrays itself by high fever and fainting spells.
"Although some hostels for unfit workers have been provided as a precautionary measure, one can only go there when recovery may no longer be expected (Neumarkt in Bavaria). Even there the incurables waste away slowly, and nothing is done even to alleviate the state of the sick by suitable food and medicines.. There are children there with tuberculosis whose cure would not be hopeless and men in their prime who, if sent home in time to their families in rural districts, might still be able to recover. No less suffering is caused by the separation of families when wives and mothers of small children are away from their families and sent to the Reich for forced labor." first paragraph. In the German text it appears at page 7, paragraph 4:
"If, under these conditions, there is no moral support such as is normally based on regular family life, then at least such moral support which the religious feelings of the Polish population require should be maintained and increased. The elimination of religious services, religious practice and religious care from the life of the Polish workers, the prohibition of church attendance at a time when there is a religious service for other people, and other measures show a certain contempt for the influence of religion on the feelings and opinions of the workers." End of quotation.
THE PRESIDENT: Can you tell us who the Polish Central Committee were; or, I mean, how they were founded?
MR. DODD: Well, insofar as we are aware, it was a committee apparently set up by the Nazi State when it occupied Poland, to work in some sort of cooperation with it during the days of the occupation. We don't know the names of the members, and we haven't any more specific information.
THE PRESIDENT: Is it a captured document?
MR. DODD: It is a captured document, yes, sir. All of the documents that I am presenting in connection with this case are, excepting the Netherlands Government's report and one or two other official reports, the Dois affidavit and such other matters.
That particular document, it has just been called to my attention, was captured by the United States Third Army. imported from the conquered eastern territories. As we have illustrated, they did indeed live in bondage, and they were subjected to almost every form of degradation, quartered in stables with animals, denied the right of free worship, and the ordinary pleasures of human society. Exhibit No. 205. This document, EC 68, bears the title "Directives on the Treatment of Foreign Farmworkers of Polish Nationality", issued by the Minister for Finance and Economy of Baden, Germany, on the 6th of March 1941. And we don't know his name, nor have we been able to ascertain it.
Quoting from the English text of this document from the beginning:
"The agencies of the Reich Food Administration State Peasant Association of Baden have received the result of the negotiations with the higher SS and Police Officer in Stuttgart on 14 February 1941, with great satisfaction.