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Trial NMT 7: Hostage Case × Trial Issues Commissar Order and execution of Communists (IMT, NMT 7, 9, 12) × Trial Issues Hostage-taking and reprisal actions, including killings and fines (IMT, NMT 7, 9) × Clear All Filters

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Material	Authors	Date	Type
Document Image NMT 7 Image Indictment of defendants in NMT 7, Wilhelm List et al., for crimes against hostages, partisans, prisoners of war, civilians in occupied territories, and other crimes Military Tribunals Case No. 7 The United States of America - against - Wilhelm List, Maximilian von Weichs, Lothar Rendulic, Walter Kuntze, Hermann Foertsch, Franz Boehme, Helmuth Felmy, Hubert Lanz, Ernst Dehner, Ernst von Leyser, … HLSL Item No.: 150001 Source of Text: Case Files/English (US or UK)	Telford Taylor See more details Telford Taylor American lawyer Born: 1908-02-24 (Schenectady) Died: 1998-05-22 1998-05-23 (Manhattan) Country of citizenship: United States of America Occupation: army officer; historian; lawyer; magistrate Member of: American Academy of Arts and Sciences Participant in: International Military Tribunal (role: prosecutor); subsequent Nuremberg trials (role: general counsel, prosecutor) Military branch: United States Army (military rank: brigadier general) Employer: Columbia Law School (position held: professor); Federal Communications Commission (period: 1940-01-01 through 1942-01-01); Joint Committee on Educational Television (period: 1952-01-01 through 1962-01-01; position held: general counsel); United States Department of Agriculture (period: 1934-01-01 through 1935-01-01)	10 May 1947	Document Image
Document Image NMT 7 Image Opening statement of the prosecution in Case 7, against Wilhelm List et al., including the invasion and occupation of southeastern Europe, the execution of hostages and prisoners, and crimes in Norway Case No. 7[.] The United States of America - against - Wilhelm List, et al., Defendants[.] Opening Statement for the United States of America[,] Nurnberg 15 July 1947 HLSL Item No.: 150003 Source of Text: Case Files/English (US or UK)	Telford Taylor See more details Telford Taylor American lawyer Born: 1908-02-24 (Schenectady) Died: 1998-05-22 1998-05-23 (Manhattan) Country of citizenship: United States of America Occupation: army officer; historian; lawyer; magistrate Member of: American Academy of Arts and Sciences Participant in: International Military Tribunal (role: prosecutor); subsequent Nuremberg trials (role: general counsel, prosecutor) Military branch: United States Army (military rank: brigadier general) Employer: Columbia Law School (position held: professor); Federal Communications Commission (period: 1940-01-01 through 1942-01-01); Joint Committee on Educational Television (period: 1952-01-01 through 1962-01-01; position held: general counsel); United States Department of Agriculture (period: 1934-01-01 through 1935-01-01) Clark Denney See more details Clark Denney chief trial counsel at Nuremberg Military Tribunal Participant in: Milch Trial Position held: prosecutor (period: 1946-01-01 through 1947-01-01) Theodore Fenstermacher See more details Theodore Fenstermacher chief prosecutor at Hostages Trials Born: 1918-10-12 (Tamaqua) Died: 2001-11-16 (Cortland) Country of citizenship: United States of America Occupation: lawyer; prosecutor Participant in: Hostages Trial (role: prosecutor) Educated at: Princeton University (academic degree: bachelor's degree; until: 1940-01-01); Yale Law School (until: 1943-01-01)	15 July 1947	Document Image
Document Image NMT 7 Image Prosecution closing argument in Case 7, on the various crimes charged and the defendants individually Closing Statement on behalf of the prosecution HLSL Item No.: 150006 Source of Text: Case Files/English (US or UK)	Theodore Fenstermacher See more details Theodore Fenstermacher chief prosecutor at Hostages Trials Born: 1918-10-12 (Tamaqua) Died: 2001-11-16 (Cortland) Country of citizenship: United States of America Occupation: lawyer; prosecutor Participant in: Hostages Trial (role: prosecutor) Educated at: Princeton University (academic degree: bachelor's degree; until: 1940-01-01); Yale Law School (until: 1943-01-01) Baucum Fulkerson See more details Baucum Fulkerson American lawyer and prosecutor of the second Nuremberg Military Tribunal Born: 1927-12-27 (Little Rock) Occupation: lawyer Participant in: Pohl Trial (role: prosecutor) Significant person: Jack W. Robbins (role: colleague); James M. McHaney (role: colleague); James R. Higgins (role: colleague); Peter W. Walton (role: colleague) Walter H. Rapp See more details Walter H. Rapp Chief of the Evidence Division of the Office Chief of Counsel, Nuremberg Trials Occupation: interviewer; lawyer; prosecutor (period: 1946-01-01 through 1948-01-01) Participant in: Nuremberg trials (role: prosecution) Significant person: Rudolf Kastner (role: acquaintance); Telford Taylor (role: superior) Military rank: lieutenant colonel Residence: New York City (date: 1956-01-01)	03 February 1948	Document Image
Document Image NMT 7 Image Affidavit concerning the independent operations of the SS in Greece, including reprisal measures, and reprisal executions by military units in the field without orders by the commander, and the non-application of the commissar and commando orders in Greece Affidavit. HLSL Item No.: 151811 Source of Text: Case Files/English (US or UK) Exhibit Code: Speidel 13	Erich Eisenbach See more details Erich Eisenbach German field commander and brigadier general Born: 1882-02-24 (Ulm) Died: 1964-07-07 (Ulm) Occupation: military officer Participant in: Hostages Trial (date: 1947-09-21; role: affiant) Significant person: Wilhelm Speidel (role: acquaintance, superior) Military rank: brigadier general Military branch: Luftwaffe Place of detention: No. 6 Civilian Internment Camp, Neuengamme (date: 1947-09-21)	13 November 1947	Document Image
Document Image NMT 7 Image Final plea for the defense of Wilhelm Speidel, including partisan warfare, Speidel's limited authority, reprisal actions, the commissar and commando orders, the treatment of civilians, deportation of Jews, concentration camps, and the issue of post-war trials Final Plea on behalf of General (Air Force) Wilhelm Speidel HLSL Item No.: 151862 Source of Text: Case Files/English (US or UK)	Joseph Weisgerber See more details Joseph Weisgerber German lawyer, Nuremberg defense attorney Born: 1893-01-01 (Metz) Occupation: lawyer Member of political party: Nazi Party (period: 1940-01-01 through 1945-01-01) Participant in: Nuremberg Medical Trial (role: criminal defense lawyer) Significant person: Wolfram Sievers (role: client, criminal defense lawyer) Educated at: Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; University of Würzburg Residence: Nuremberg VIAF ID: https://viaf.org/viaf/376147266827935482104	1948	Document Image
Document Image NMT 7 Image Tribunal judgment on the Hostage Case, reviewing trial issues and evidence, with sentences HLSL Item No.: 152052 Source of Text: Case Files/English (US or UK)	Edward F. Carter Edward F. Carter Additional details not yet available. George J. Burke See more details George J. Burke American judge Born: 1886-01-01 Died: 1950-10-03 Occupation: judge VIAF ID: https://viaf.org/viaf/248145542840096642382 WorldCat Identities ID: https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-no2016010994 Library of Congress authority ID: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no2016010994 Charles F. Wennerstrum See more details Charles F. Wennerstrum American lawyer Born: 1889-10-11 (Cambridge) Died: 1986-06-01 1986-06-15 (Des Moines) Country of citizenship: United States of America Occupation: judge; lawyer VIAF ID: https://viaf.org/viaf/313298938 WorldCat Identities ID: https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-no2015002426 Library of Congress authority ID: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no2015002426	19 February 1948	Document Image
Document Image NMT 7 Image Supplement 2 to the final plea for von Geitner and Lanz, responding to the prosecution closing argument, including reprisal killings, the treatment of civilians, the role of a chief of staff, the Semlin concentration camp, German-Italian hostilities in the Balkans, the deportation of civilians, the treatment of Jews in Greece, and of captured commissars Supplement II to the Final Plea von Geitner and Lanz HLSL Item No.: 151138 Source of Text: Case Files/English (US or UK)	Fritz Sauter See more details Fritz Sauter Attorney; represented defendants at the Nuremberg Trials Born: 1886-01-01 Country of citizenship: Germany Occupation: lawyer Member of political party: Nazi Party (period: 1933-01-01 through 1945-01-01) Participant in: Nuremberg Medical Trial (role: criminal defense lawyer) Significant person: Kurt Blome (role: client, criminal defense lawyer); Siegfried Ruff (role: client, criminal defense lawyer) Educated at: Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich Residence: Munich; Nuremberg	09 February 1948	Document Image
Document Image NMT 7 Image Opening argument for the defense of Hubert Lanz, concerning his command in Epirus (Greece), 1943-44, including the treatment of civilians, partisan fighting, and dealings with the Italian army The Hubert Lanz case[.] Opening Statement HLSL Item No.: 151226 Source of Text: Case Files/English (US or UK)	Fritz Sauter See more details Fritz Sauter Attorney; represented defendants at the Nuremberg Trials Born: 1886-01-01 Country of citizenship: Germany Occupation: lawyer Member of political party: Nazi Party (period: 1933-01-01 through 1945-01-01) Participant in: Nuremberg Medical Trial (role: criminal defense lawyer) Significant person: Kurt Blome (role: client, criminal defense lawyer); Siegfried Ruff (role: client, criminal defense lawyer) Educated at: Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich Residence: Munich; Nuremberg	12 September 1947	Document Image
Document Image NMT 7 Image Opening statement for the defense of Ernst von Leyser, including the nature of the fighting in Croatia, the jurisdiction of the Tribunal, reprisal actions, the treatment of civilians and their property, the commissar order, captured Italian soldiers, and his character as an officer Opening Statement in Case VII for the Defendant General Ernst von Leyser HLSL Item No.: 151440 Source of Text: Case Files/English (US or UK)	Edmund Tipp See more details Edmund Tipp attorney Born: 1909-01-01 (Fürth) Country of citizenship: Germany Member of political party: Nazi Party (period: 1937-01-01 through 1945-01-01) Participant in: Nuremberg Medical Trial (role: criminal defense lawyer) Significant person: Hermann Becker-Freyseng (role: client, criminal defense lawyer) Educated at: Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Residence: Fürth VIAF ID: https://viaf.org/viaf/310609621	September 1947	Document Image
Document Image NMT 7 Image Final plea for the defense of Ernst von Leyser, including his role in Croatia, the nature of partisan warfare, reprisal actions and hostages, the treatment of civilians, the destruction of villages and plundering, the treatment of prisoners, the commissar and commando orders, persecution of ethnic and political groups, and the deportation of civilians Final Plea on behalf of General Ernst von Leyser Case VII HLSL Item No.: 151510 Source of Text: Case Files/English (US or UK)	Edmund Tipp See more details Edmund Tipp attorney Born: 1909-01-01 (Fürth) Country of citizenship: Germany Member of political party: Nazi Party (period: 1937-01-01 through 1945-01-01) Participant in: Nuremberg Medical Trial (role: criminal defense lawyer) Significant person: Hermann Becker-Freyseng (role: client, criminal defense lawyer) Educated at: Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Residence: Fürth VIAF ID: https://viaf.org/viaf/310609621	17 January 1948	Document Image
Document Image NMT 7 Image Final plea in the defense of Lothar Rendulic, including the jurisdiction of the NMT over POWs, the use of hostages, the Italian forces in 1943, partisan fighting and reprisals, treatment of civilians, the commissar order, and the evacuation of northern Norway Final Plea for the defendant Lothar Rendulic HLSL Item No.: 151774 Source of Text: Case Files/English (US or UK)	Stefan Fritsch See more details Stefan Fritsch lawyer; Nuremberg Trial defense attorney Born: 1907-01-01 (Międzyrzec Podlaski) Occupation: lawyer Member of political party: Nazi Party (period: 1940-01-01 through 1945-01-01) Participant in: Pohl Trial (role: criminal defense lawyer) Significant person: Johannes Baier (role: client, criminal defense lawyer) Residence: Andechs	24 January 1948	Document Image
Document Image NMT 7 Image Affidavit concerning General Speidel's approach to the occupation in Greece, including treatment of civilians, hostages and reprisal measures, and the absence of the commissar order and commando order in Greece Affidavit. HLSL Item No.: 151782 Source of Text: Case Files/English (US or UK) Exhibit Code: Speidel 11	Karl Drum See more details Karl Drum Luftwaffe general Born: 1893-07-31 (Bas-Rhin) Died: 1968-04-02 (Meersburg) Occupation: military officer; writer Participant in: Hostages Trial (date: 1947-09-12; role: affiant) Significant person: Wilhelm Speidel (role: friend, superior) Military branch: German Army; Luftwaffe Residence: Unteruhldingen (date: 1947-01-01) VIAF ID: https://viaf.org/viaf/14540526	12 September 1947	Document Image