I now pass to that second and well-known phase of the Defendant Frank's official life - wherein he, for five years as chief Party agent, was bent upon the elimination of a whole people.
He was appointed Governor General of the Occupied Polish Territories by a decree signed by his then Fuehrer, on October 12, 1939. The decree defined the scope of Franks' executive power and is contained in our Document 2537-PS, at page 66 in the Document Book. I shall ask the Tribunal to take judicial notice thereof, since it appears in Reichsgesetzblatt, 1939, Part I, page 2077.
It merely states that Dr. Frank is appointed Governor-General of the Occupied Polish Territories; that Dr. Seyss-Inquart is appointed Deputy Governor General and that "the Governor-General shall be directly responsible to me", meaning Hitler, he having signed the decree. at the apparent efficiency of Nazi administration, we now know that it was often riddled with the petty jealousies of small men in positions of some authority and with jurisdictional fractiousness. No such difficulty exist with the Defendant Frank, however, for though he was not without the threat of divided authority, he insisted upon, and was granted, the favor of supreme command within the territorial confines of the General Government. Two references from his Diary, one in 1940 and one in 1942 are necessary to show the all-inclusiveness of his direction and authority. March 1940, in the Bergakademie, the Defendant Frank clarified his status as Governor General of Occupied Poland, and these remarks appear in the Diary and in our Document 2233-PS, at page 42 in the Document Book, the original of which I offer into evidence as USA Exhibit 173. Meetings, Volume for 1939-1940, at pages 6, 7 and 8. I now quote:
"Frank: One thing is certain. The authority of General Government that I would not tolerate the misuse of this authority.
I have especially after Herr Field Marshall Goering on 12.
2.1940 Government.
.."
He goes on to say:
"There is no authority here in General Government which is higher as to rank, influence, and authority than that of the Governor General, Even the Wehrmacht has no governmental or official functions of any kind in this connection; it has only security functions and general military duties -- it has no political power whatsoever. The same applies here to the Police and SS, There is here no state within a state, but we are the representatives of the Fuehrer and of the Reich." of the NSDAP in Cracow on 18 March, Defendant Frank further explained the relationship between his administration and the Reichsfuehrer SS, Himmler, These remarks appear in the Diary and in our document 2233-PS R and at page 48 of the Document Book, the original of which I offer into evidence as USA Exhibit 608. In the German text, the extract to be quoted appears at page 185, and at page 186, of Diary Volume 1912, Part I. I now quote:
"As you know, I am a fanatic as to unity in administration . . .
command over the gendarmerie in his district. This the Reichs fuehrer SS has recognised; in the written agreement all these can be treated in the traditional manner of small states".
THE TRIBUNAL (Mr. Biddle): Do you think all this has to be read?
LT. COLONEL BALDWIN: It is considered important, sir, by the United States Prosecution, in view of the fact that this is the later extract from the Diary and indicates that two years later, even Frank considered himself to be the supreme authority in the General Government. This is a point which we conceive to be of importance sir.
May I proceed?
"It would, for instance, be ridiculous if we would build up here a security policy of our own against our Poles in the country, while knowing that the Poles in West Prussia, in Posen, in Wartheland and in Silesia have one and the same movement of resistance. The Reichsfuehrer SS and Chief of the German Police thus must be able to carry out with the aid of his agencies, his police measures concerning the interests of the Reich as a whole. This, however, will be done in such a way that the measures to be adopted will first be submitted to me and carried out only when I give my consent. In the General Government, the Police is the armed forces. As a result of this, the Leader of the Police system will be called by me into the Government of the General Government; he is subordinate to me, or to my deputy, as a State Secretary for the Security System."
the man who filled the position of State Secretary for Security in the General Government was Frank's Higher SS and Police Leader Krueger.
THE PRESIDENT: Will you read the next page?
LT. COLONEL BALDWIN: May it please the Tribunal: I shall come to that excerpt later.
THE PRESIDENT: In the same document?
LT. COLONEL BALDWIN: Yes, sir. It seems more appropriate at another point. Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto were made in the Spring of 1943 by SS Leader Stroop, who immediately supervised the operation -- to this same Krueger, who was still at that time one of the two most influential members of Frank's Cabinet, as State Secretary for Security. have as its component parts a host of small plans, each dealing with a particular sphere of activity. These plans, differing from the master plan only in size, are the blueprints for specific action drawn from the broad policies. Occupied Poland was no exception to this rule. The plan for the administration of Poland was contained in a top secret memorandum of a conference between Hitler and Chief of the OKW, Defendant Keitel, entitled, "Regarding Future Relations of Poland to Germany" and dated 20 October, 1939. This report was initialled by General Warlimont. It is our Document 964-PS and may be found at page 3 of the Document Book and I shall offer it into evidence as U.S.A. Exhibit 609. and 6.
"1) The Armed Forces will welcome it if they can dispose of administrative questions in Poland.
"On principle, there cannot be two administrations.
"3) It is not the task of the Administration to make Poland into a model province or a model state of the German order or to put her economically or financially on a sound basis.
"The polish intelligentsia must be prevented from forming a ruling class.
The standard of living in the country is to remain low; we only want to draw labor forces from there. Poles are also to be used for the administration of the country. However, the forming of national political groups may not be allowed.
"4) The Administration has to work on its own responsibility and must not be dependent on Berlin, We don't want to do there what we do in the Reich. The responsibility does not rest with the Berlin Ministries since there is no German administrative unit concerned.
"The accomplishment of this task will involve a hard racial struggle which will not allow any legal restrictions. The methods will be incompatible with the principles otherwise adhered to by us.
"The Governor General is to give the Polish nation only bare living conditions and is to maintain the basis for military security.
"6) Any tendencies towards the consolidation of conditions in Poland are to be suppressed. The "Polish muddle" must be allowed to develop. The government of the territory must make it possible for us to purify the Reich territory from Jews and Poles too. Collaboration with new Reich provinces (Posen and West Prussia) only for resettlements (Compare Mission Himmler).
Purpose: Shrewdness and severity must be the maxims in this racial struggle in order to spare us from going to battle on account of this country again."
The Defendant Frank was the chosen executor of this program. He knew its aims, approved of them, and actively carried out the scheme. The Tribunal's attention has already been invited to USA. Exhibit 297 wherein -- this may be found at page 1512 of the English text of the official transcript the Defendant Frank expounded the mission which has Fuehrer assigned to him and according to which he intended to administer in Poland, It contemplated, in brief, ruthless exploitation, deportation of all supplies and workers, reduction of the entire Polish economy to absolute minimum necessary for bare existence of the population, and the closing of all schools. No more callous statement exists than one Frank made in this report, wherein he said, "Poland shall be treated as a colony; the Poles shall be the slaves of the Greater German World Empire."
task of administering Poland did truly involve a hard racial struggle which would not allow any legal restrictions, I refer to our document 2233-PS-O, which may be found at page has in the document book. It is taken from the Frank Diary, and I offer it into evidence as USA Exhibit 173. In the German text the extract to be quoted appears in the volume of the Diary entitled "Department Heads Meetings 1939-1940" on pages 12 and 13. I now quote:
"In this country the force of a determined leadership must rule. The Pole must feel here that we are not building him a legal state, but that for him there is only one duty, namely to work and to behave himself. It is clear that this leads sometimes to difficulties, but you must in your own interest see that all measures are ruthlessly carried out in order to become master of the situation. You can rely on me absolutely in this."
As for the Poles and Ukrainians, Defendant Frank's attitude was clear. They were to be permitted to slave for the German economy as long as the war emergency continued. Once the war was won, even this cynical interest would cease. I refer to a speech before German political leaders at Cracow on 12 January 1944. It appears in the Frank Diary and as our document 2233-PS-B at page 60 in the document book. It is the first passage on that page. I offer it in evidence as USA Exhibit 295. In the Diary, the German text will be found in the looseleaf volume covering the period from 1 January to 28 February 1944, at the entry for 14 January 1944 at page 24 "Once the war is won", Frank tells these leaders -- and here we have, may it please the Court, the classic example of the completely brutal statement -"Once the war is won, then for all I care mincemeat can be made of the Poles and the Ukrainians and all the others who run around here -- it doesn't matter what happens."
Defendant Frank makes it quite clear in his diary that the complete annihilate of Jews was one of his cherished objectives. In USA Exhibit 271, Frank stated in late 1940 in his diary that he could not eliminate all lice and Jews in a year's time. In USA Exhibit 281, he notes in his Diary in the year 1942 that a program of starvation rations sentencing, in effect, 1,200,000 Jews to die of hunger, should be noted only marginally. In USA Exhibit 295, he confided to a secret press conference that in the year 1944 -- and this, too, is from the Diary -- there were still in the General Government perhaps 100,000 Jews. himself. We do no more here than to tabulate the results. The supreme authority within a certain geographic area admits that in a period of four years' time up to 3,400,000 persons from that area have been annihilated pursuant to an official policy and for no crime, but only because of having been born a Jew. No words could possibly reveal the inferences of death and suffering which must needs be drawn from these stark facts. endure terror, oppression, impoverishment and starvation. The Defendant Frank succeeded so well in thisregard that he was forced to report to his Fuehrer in 1943 that in effect Poles did not regard the General Government with affection.
This report to Hitler was a summarization of the first three and one-half years of the Defendant Frank's administration. It, better than anything else, can show the conditions as they then existed as a result of the conspiratorial efforts of the Defendants. document book, and I now offer the original into evidence as USA Exhibit 610. In the German text, the extract to be quoted appears at pages 10 and 11 of this report by Frank to Hitler dated 19 June 1943, regarding the situation in Poland. I now quote. Frank says:
"In the course of time, a series of measures or of consequences of the German rule have led to a substantial deterioration of the attitude of the entire Polish people to the General Government. These measures have affected either individual professions or the entire population and frequently also -- often with crushing severity - the fate of individuals."
He goes on:
"Among these are in particular:
"1. The entirely insufficient nourishment of the population, mainly of the working classes in the cities, whose majority is working for German interests.
"Until the war of 1939, its food supplies, though not varied, were sufficient and generally secure, due to the agrarian surplus of the former Polish state and in spite of the negligence on the part of their former political leadership.
"2. The confiscation of a great part of the Polish estates and the expropriation without compensation and resettlement of Polish peasants from maneuver areas and from German settlements.
"3. Encroachments and confiscations in the industries, in commerce and trade and in the field of private property.
"4. Mass arrests and mass shootings by the German police who applied the system of collective responsibility.
"5. The rigorous methods of recruiting workers.
"6. The extensive paralyzation of cultural life.
"7. The closing of high schools, junior colleges, aid universities.
"8. The limitation, indeed the complete elimination, of Polish influence from all spheres of State administration.
"9. Curtailment of the influence of the Catholic Church, limiting its extensive influence -- an undoubtedly necessary move -- and, in addition, until quite recently, the closing and confiscation of monasteries, schools, and charitable institutions."
THE PRESIDENT: This in only an extract here. Was he saying that these measures were inevitable or that he justified them, or what was he saying in the report?
COLONEL BALDWIN: He was saying that the Polish people's attitude to the General Government had substantially deteriorated. The reasons for the deterioration are the listings I gave to the court.
THE PRESIDENT: Is that all he said?
COLONEL BALDWIN: No, sir, that is just taken from pages 10 and 11 of the report. The report is an extremely long one.
THE PRESIDENT: Well, I suppose you know what the general tenor of the report was.
COLONEL BALDWIN: The general tenor of the report, Sir, was in the natu of a complaint to Hitler, that he, Frank, was having an extremely difficult time in the General Government because of these measures and because of these happenings in the General Government.
THE PRESIDENT: Very well.
COLONEL BALDWIN: In order to illustrate how completely the Defendant Frank is identified with the policies -
DR. SEIDL (Counsel for Defendant Frank)(Interposing): After the Tribunal has already asked the Prosecutor what would be the aim of presenting this document, I would like to emphasize here that this is a document of 40 typewritten pages addressed to Hitler and that Frank just criticizes the conditions which the prosecution has pointed out, that in this document he makes large and wide propositions in order to remedy the situation to which he severely objects.
THE PRESIDENT: Exactly. You will have full opportunity, when it is your turn, to explain this document, but it is not your turn at the moment.
DR. SEIDL: I only mention that now because the Tribunal itself drew my attention to this point.
THE PRESIDENT: One moment. Would you kindly state, for the purpose of the stenographers and the shorthand notes, your name and for whom you appear.
You appear for Frank, don't you?
DR. SEIDL: Dr. Seidl, attorney for Frank.
THE PRESIDENT: It is necessary for the stenographers to get that each time.
DR. SEIDL: Yes.
THE PRESIDENT: Very well. document from which you were reading this paragraph.
COLONEL BALDWIN: Yes, sir.
THE PRESIDENT: And according to counsel for Frank, the document, which is a very long document, shows that Frank was suggesting remedies for the difficulties which he here sets out. Is that so?
COLONEL BALDWIN: That is so, yes, your Honor
THE PRESIDENT: Well, I think the --
COLONEL BALDWIN (interposing): May it please the Tribunal, I didn't cite this portion of that document, as I will later demonstrate, to show that Frank did or did not suggest remedies for these conditions, but only to explain that these conditions existed as of a certain period.
THE PRESIDENT: Well, when you cite a small part of the document, you should make sure that what you cite is not misleading as compared to the rest of the document.
COLONEL BALDWIN: I see, your Honor. I hadn't considered it to be such in view of the purpose for which I introduced it, which, as I said, was only to suggest a set of conditions exist at a contain time. I naturally assumed that the defense, as Dr. Seidl has indicated, would carry on with the rest of the document as a matter of defense.
THE PRESIDENT: West of course what is all very well, but the Defendant Frank's counsel will speak at some remote date and it isn't a complete answer to say that he will have an opportunity of explaining the document at some future date. It is for counsel for the Prosecution to make sure that no extracts which they read can reasonably make a misleading impression upon the mind of the Tribunal.
COLONEL BALDWIN: I shall now state, then, that the extract which was just read was read solely for the purpose of indicating that at a certain period, namely June 1943, those conditions existed in Poland, as the result of statements by the Governor General of Poland.
Would that be satisfactory to the Tribunal?
THE TRIBUNAL (Mr. Biddle): Well, it was not satisfactory to the Tribunal if you didn't give us the purport of the document.
COLONEL BALDWIN: Well sir, I don't have the complete document in front of me now. Therefore, I can't read all of it.
THE PRESIDENT: No. Well, I don't care. What we would like would be, if possible, that when an extract is made from a document, counsel before presenting that extract should instruct themselves as to the general purport of the document so as to make certain that the part that is read is not misleading.
COLONEL BALDWIN: Yes, sir. with the policies whose execution is reported in this document, and how thoroughly they were his own policies, and this, if the Tribunal please, regardless of what remedies he may have had in 1943 --- it is proposed in this last section to take passages from Frank's own Diary in proof of his early espousal and execution of these self-same policies. no need for the Defendant Frank to have waited until June 1943 to have reported this fact to Hitler. In September 1941, defendant Frank's own Chief Medical Officer reported to him the appalling Polish health conditions. This appears in rank's Diary and in our document 2233-PS-P, at page 46 in the document book, which I now offer in evidence as USA Exhibit 611. The German text is to be found in the 1941 Diary Volume at page 830.
I quote:
"Obermedizinalrat Dr. Walbaum expresses his opinion of the health condition of tie Polish population. Investigations which were carried out by his department proved that the majority of Poles eat only about 600 calories, where, the normal requirement for a human being is 2,200 calories. The Polish population was enfeebled to such an extent that it would fall an easy prey to spotted fever."
"The number of diseased Poles amounted today already to 40 per cent. During the last week alone, 1,000 new spotted fever cases have been officially recorded. That represented so far the maximum number. This health situation represented a serious danger for the Reich and for the soldiers who were coming into the Government General. A spreading of pestilence into the Reich is absolutely feasible. The increase in tuberculosis, too, was causing anxiety. If the food rations were to be diminished again, an enormous increase of the number of illnesses could be predicted." affected nearly 40 per cent of the Polish population, nevertheless the Defendant Frank approved in August 1942 a new plan which called for a much larger contribution of foodstuff to Germany at the expense of the non-German population of the General Government. Methods of meeting the new quotas out of the grossly inadequate rations of the General Government and the impact of the new quotas on the economy of the country were discussed at a cabinet meeting of the General Government on 24 August 1942 in terms which leave no possible doubt that not only was the proposed requisition beyond the resources of the country, but its force was to be distributed on a grossly discriminatory basis. This appears from Prank's Diary and in our document 2233-PS-E, which is at page 30 in the document book, which I now offer into evidence as USA Exhibit 283. The German text appears in the 1942 conference volume at the conference entry for 24 August 1942.
I quote the following extract:
"Before the German people," says Frank, "are to experience starvation, the occupied territories and their people shall be exposed to starvation. In this moment, therefore, we here in the General Government must also have the iron determination to help the Great German people, our Fatherland.
"The General Government, therefore, must do the following: The General Government has taken on the obligation to send 500,000 tons bread grains to the fatherland in addition to the foodstuffs already being delivered for the relief of Germany or consumed here by troops of the armed forces, Police, or SS.
If you compare this with out contributions of last year you can see that this means a six-fold, increase over that of last year's contribution of the General Gouvernement.
"The new demand will be fulfilled exclusively at the expense of the foreign population. It must be done cold-bloodedly and without pity..." Government to starvation level, but was proud of the contribution he thereby made to the Reich. I refer to a statement made to the political leaders of the NSDAP on 14 December 1942 at Cracow. It is contained in the Frank Diary and is our document 2233-PS-Z, at page 57 in the document book, and I now offer it in evidence as USA Exhibit 612. In the German text the extract appears in the 1942 Diary Volume, Part IV, at page 1331.
Dr. Frank is speaking:
"I will endeavor to get out of the reservoir of this territory everything that is yet to be got out of it..."
He continues:
"When you consider that it was possible for me to deliver to the Reich 600,000 tons of bread grain, and in addition to 180,000 tons to the Armed Forces stationed here; further an abundance amounting to many thousands of tons of other commodities such as seed, fats, vegetables, besides the delivery to the Reich of 300 million eggs, etc. -- you can estimate the significance this territory possesses for the Reich. In order to make clear to you the significance of the consignment from the General Government of 600,00 tons of bread grain, you are referred to the fact that the General Government by this achievement alone covers the raising of the bread ration in the Greater German Reich by two-thirds during the present rationing period. This enormous achievement can rightfully be claimed by us." mentions secondly in the Report to Hitler, although Himmler was given general authority in connection with the conspirators' project to resettle various districts in the conquered Eastern territories with racial Germans, the projects relating to resettling districts in the General Government were submitted to and approved by the Defendant Frank.
The plan to resettle Zamosc and Lublin, for example, was reported to him at a meeting to discuss special problems of the District Lublin by his infamous State Secretary for Security, Higher SS and Police Leader Krueger, on 4 August 1942. It is contained in Frank's Diary and in our document 2233-PS-T, at page 51 in the document book, which I now offer in evidence as USA Exhibit 607. The German text appears in the 1942 Volume of the Diary, Part III, pages 830, 831, and 832.
I now quote from the report of the conference:
"State Secretary Krueger then continues, saying that the Reichsfuehrer's next immediate plan until the end of the following year would be to settle the following German racial groups in the two districts (Zamosc and Lublin): 1000 peasant settlements (1 settlement per family of about 6) for Bosnian Germans; 1,200 other kinds of settlements; 1,000 settlements for Bessarabian Germans; 200 for Serbian Germans; 2,000 for Leningrad Germans; 4,000 for Baltic Germans; 500 for Wolhynia Germans, and 200 settlements for Flemish, Danish and Dutch Germans, in all 10,000 settlements for 50,000 to 60,000 persons."
Upon hearing this, the Defendant Frank directed that -- and I quote:
"...the resettlement plan is to be discussed cooperatively by the competent authorities and declares his willingness to approve the final plan by the end of September after satisfactory arrangements had been made concerning all the questions appertaining thereto (in particular the guaranteeing of peace and order) so that by the middle of November, as the most favorable time, the resettlement can begin."
THE PRESIDENT: The Tribunal will adjourn now for ten minutes.
(Whereupon a recess was taken from 1130 to 1140 hours.)
LT. COL. BALDWIN: May it please the Tribunal: The way in which the resettlement at Zamosc was carried out was described to Defendant Frank by Krueger at a meeting at Warsaw on January 25, 1943.
The report is contained in the Frank Diary and is our Document 2233-PS-AA, and appears at page 58 in the Document Book. I offer the original of it into evidence as USA Exhibit 613. The German text appears in the Labor Conference Volume for 1943, at pages 16, 17, and 19. Krueger in this excerpt reports that they had settled the first 4,000 in the Kreis Zamosc shortly before Christmas; that, understandably, friends were not made of the Poles in the resettlement program, and that the Poles were forced to be chased out. He then stated to Frank, and I quote:
"We are removing those who constitute a burden in this new colonization territory. Actually, they are the asocial andinferior elements. They are being deported, first brought to a concentration camp, and then sent as Labor to the Reich. From a Polish propaganda standpoint, this entire first action has an unfavorable effect. For the Poles say: "After the Jews have been destroyed, then they will employ the same methods to get the Poles out of this territory and liquidate them just like the Jews" End of quote. in the territory as a result, and Frank informed him, that is, Krueger, that each individual case of resettlement would be discussed in the future exactly as that one of Zamosc had been. room for Germans was evident, and although the fact that the Poles were not only being dispossessed but sent off to concentration camps, the resettlement projects continued in the General Government. fiscations of industry and private property -- was again an early Frank policy. He explained this to his department heads in December, 1939. The report is from his Diary and is our Document 2233-PS-K, and it appears at page 40 in the Document Book. I now offer it in evidence as USA Exhibit 173.
The German text appears in the Department Heads Conference Volume for 1939-40 at the entry for 2 December 1939 at pages 2 and 3. Dr. Frank states:
"Principally it can be said regarding the administration of the General Government: This territory in its entirety is booty of the German Reich, and it thus cannot be permitted that this territory shall be exploited in its individual parts, but that the territory in its entirely shall be economically used and its entire economic worth redound to the benefit of the German people." End of quote. an early policy of ruthless exploitation is deemed necessary by the Tribunal. In addition, the decree permitting sequestration in the General Government heretofore pointed out to the Tribunal (Verordnungsblatt fue die General-gouvernement #6, 27 January 1940, page 23), which decree was signed by the Defendant Frank, permitted and empowered the Nazi officials to engage in wholesale seizure of property. This was made the easier by the undefined criteria of the decree. The looting of the General Government under this and other decrees has already been presented to the Tribunal on 14 December 1945, under the subject heading "Germanization and Spoliation of Occupied Territories", and the Tribunal is respectfully referred to that portion of the record and, in particular, to that segment dealing with the General Government. and the application of collective responsibility as the fourth reason for the apparent deterioration of the attitude of the entire Polish people. In this, too, he is to blame, for it was no part of Defendant Frank's policy that reprisal should be commensurate with the gravity of the offense. He was, on the contrary, an advocate of the most drastic measures. At a conference of District Political Leaders at Cracow on 18 March 1942, Frank stated his policy. This extract is from the Diary, and is our Document 2233-PS-R, and will be found at page 49 in the Document Book. I offer it into evidence as USA Exhibit 608. The German text may be found in Diary Volume for 1942, Part I, pages 195 and 196. I quote Frank's statement:
"Incidentally, the straggle for the achievement of our aims will be pursued cold-bloodedly.
You see how the state agencies work. You see that we do not hesitate before anything, and stand whole dozens of people up against the wall. This is necessary because here simple consideration says that it cannot be our task at this period when the best German blood is being sacrificed to show regard for the blood of another race. For out of this one of the greatest dangers may arise. One already hears today in Germany that prisoners of war, for instance, with us in Bavaria or Thuringia are administering large estate entirely independently, while all the men in a village fit for service are at the front. If this state of affairs continues, then a gradual retrogression of Germanism will show itself.
One should not underestimate this danger. Therefore, everything revealing itself as a Polish power of leadership must be destroyed again and again with ruthless energy. This does not have to be shouted abroad; it will happen silently." End of quote. leaders of the NSDAP that reprisals would be made for German deaths. These remarks are to be found in the Frank Diary, in our Document 2233-PSBB, at page 60 in the Document Book, the second quote on that page, the original of which I offer into evidence as USA Exhibit 295. The German text appears in the looseleaf volume of the Diary covering the period from 1 January 1944 to 28 February 1941, and appears at page 13, Frank says quite simply:
"I have not been hesitant in declaring that when a German is shot, up to 100 Poles shall be shot, too." End of quote. has been placed before this Tribunal in great detail, When the Defendant Frank refers to these methods as his fifth reason for disaffection in Poland in his report to Hitler, he once more cites policies which he executed. Force, violance, and economic duress were all supported by him as means for recruiting laborers for deportation to slavery in Germany, This was an announced policy, and I have already alluded to USA Exhibit 297, which contains verification of this fact. Government may have been voluntary, these methods soon proved inadequate. In the Spring of 1940, the question of utilizing force came up and the matter was discussed in an official meeting at which the Defendant SeyssInquart was also present. I refer to the Frank Diary and our Document 2233-PS-N, which the Tribunal will find at page 43 in the Document Book. I offer the original in evidence as USA Exhibit 614 The German text appears in the Diary Volume for 1940, Part II, at page 333. I quote the conference report:
"The Governor General stated that the fact that all means in form of of proclamations, etc.
, did not bring success, leads to the conclusion that the Poles out of malevolence, and guided by the intention of harming Germany by not putting themselves at its disposal, refuse to enlist for working duty. Therefore, he asks Dr. Frauendorfer if there are any other measures not as yet employed to win the Poles on a voluntary basis.
"Reichshauptamtsleiter Dr. Frauendorfer answered the question negatively.
"The Governor General emphasized the fact that he will now be asked to take a definite attitude towards this question. Therefore, the question will arise whether any form of coercive measures should now be employed.
"The question put by the Governor General to SS Lieutenant General Krueger: does he see the possibilities of calling Polish workers by coercive means? is answered in the affirmative by SS Lieutenant General Krueger." End of quote: before the Tribunal as USA Exhibit 173 - Defendant Frank stated that compulsion in recuitment of labor could be exercised, that Poles could be snatched from the streets, and that the best method would be organized raids. in the General Government is almost beyond belief, I refer to the Frank Diary and to our Document 2233-PS-W, which will be found at page 53 in the Document Book, the original of which I offer into evidence as USA Exhibit 607. This excerpt is a record, if the Court please, of a discussion between the Defendant Sauckel and the Defendant Frank at Cracow on 18 August 1942, and it appears in the Diary Volume for 1942, Part III, at page 913 and at page 920. Dr. Frank speaks:
"I am pleased to report to you officially, Party Comrade Sauckel, that we have up to now supplied 300,000 workers for the Reich".
He continues, "Recently you have requested us to supply them with a further 140,000. I have the pleasure in informing you officially that in accordance with our agreement of yesterday, 60 percent of the newly requested workers will be supplied to the Reich by the end of October and the balance of 40 percent by the end of the year."