Thus, as far as I remember, I have neither seen any correspondence on research and experiments on concentration camp prisoners during my appointment with the Medical Office of the Waffen SS, nor have I heard of any. Dr. Genzken, whom I also often met outside the office - as I have already mentioned above - has never talked to me of experiments and medical tests on human beings, as far as I remember. I never heard anything about experiments with sulfonamides or of typhus experiments on concentration camp prisoners, during my activity with the Medical Office of the Waffen SS. Dr. Genzken was highly esteemed by the physicians of the Waffen SS and was generally considered to be 'the father of the SS physicians'.
"Because of my position as a personnel expert in the Medical Office of the Waffen SS I know that Dr. Genzken had controversies with the Reichsarzt-SS Dr. Grawitz and that strained relations existed at times between Dr. Genzken and Dr. Grawtiz, due chiefly as far as I can remember to a difference of opinion concerning the method of dealing with ordinances and decisions made by the Reichsfuehrer SS Himmler, or his staff. As far as I remember it concerned, among other things, personnel and disciplinary questions. Furthermore, I remember that in abut 1942 Dr. Genzken met Juettner, the chief of the Operational Main Office, for the purpose of settling a discord between Dr. Genzken and Dr. Grawitz. As far as I remember the limits of their fields of action were clearly divided once again, presumably as a result of this conversation. Finally, I remember an incident concerning a unit of the Waffen SS stationed in Poland, which ** ***** to be infected with venereal disease. The incident worried us considerably, as physicians of the Waffen SS. I think that I remember that during a meeting of the consultant experts in the SS Operational Main Office a letter of Himmler was read, in which the reputation of the physicians of the Waffen SS was severely attacked, on account of this alleged state of affairs. Furthermore, I remember that Dr. Genzken is said to have declared on that occasion that he would not permit his reputation to be injured even by Meinrich Himmler. I myself was not present at this meeting of the consultant advisers, later on, i.e. in 1943, I payed several private visits to Dr. Genzken and I know that he kept himself more and more in the background both officially and privately, with regard to his relation to Dr. Grawitz."
I further offer document Genzken No. 16 which is on page 35 of the Document Book. This will become Exhibit Genzken No. 14. This is an affidavit made by the repeatedly mentioned Carl Blemenreuter. I quote:
"I was chief of the Office XV (Chemical-Pharmaceutical Service) in the Medical Office of the Waffen SS until 31 August 1943, and from then until the end of the war Medical Supplies Officer (Zeugmeister) of the SS at the Office of the Reich Physician SS and Police Dr. Grawitz.
"On the basis of my years of activity with the defendant Dr. Carl Gensken, I can testify as follows:
"There was no department for scientific research no planning in Medical Office of the Waffen SS. There was only such a section in the Office of the Reich Physician SS and Police. The Medical Office of the Waffen SS in the SS Fuehrungshauptamt could therefore not have been the superior office of a scientific research institute of the Reich Physician SS in a concentration camp, as the Medical Service in the concentration camps was subordinate to the Reich Physician SS and Police, through the directing physician at the Inspectorate of Concentration Camps.
"As far as I can remember, the typhus business was handled as follows:
"As there was a shortage of typhus vaccine, it was decided as early as 1941 to reduce this preparations at the Hygiene Institute ana to establish a special laboratory in Buchenwald.
"Dr. Ding was made the head of this laboratory by Professor Mrugowsky. The exclusive reason why this laboratory was not installed until the beginning of 1943 was that Dr. Ding contracted typhus in 1944 and, after his recovery, was ordered to Paris until the end of November 1942. In 1942 Grawitz induced Himmler to order the establishment of an experimental station for typhus research in the Concentration Camp Buchenwald and made Dr. Ding the head of this station. The beginning of activities at this station was not made known to me, since it was a purely medical concentration camp matter.
"The typhus vaccine produced at the Buchenwald laboratory was sent to central medical warehouses for distribution, in agreement with the Hygiene Institute.
"I never heard anything about the experiments at the Buchenwald experimental station. As far as I could observe, these matters were not discussed in the Medical Office or the office of the Reich physician; in particular, experiments with intentional infecting of human beings were never discussed.
"Nor did I ever hear anything at the Medical Office or at the office of the Reich Physician about sulfonamide experiments research in Ravensbruck.
"I never saw scientific reports or any correspondence concerning these research experiments.
"I have known the defendant Genzken since 1936. It was a pleasure to cooperate with him in his mainly organizational activities the military medical service of the Waffen SS. I can state from this my work and cooperation that he was never interested in scientific research and certainly not in experiments with concentration camp prisoners; lack of time alone in view of our extensive organizational activity, made it impossible to engage in scientific research problems.
"Furthermore, I knew of the tension which existed between Grawitz and the defendant Genzken, which caused him to keep out of the scope of Grawitz activities. We never, either officially or personally, discussed experiments on concentration camp prisoners.
"Genzken had no ambition for advancement-within the medical service of the SS. On the contrary, he often considered leaving his job in favor of a younger SS physician with experience at the front."
The next document will be Genzken No. 17 which can be found on page 38 of my document book.
Mr. President, I think the English translation does not bear the number 17 and I ask you to excuse this oversight. It is on page 38 of the Document Book. Genzken No. 17 becomes Exhibit Genzken No. 15. This is an affidavit by Rudolf Tonndorff. I quote:
"From March 1942 until the end of the war I was in charge of the administration in the Medical Office of the Waffen SS. At that time Dr. Genzken was Chief of the Medical Office of the Waffen SS and therefore my immediate superior. As long as I was in the Medical Office of the Waffen SS I never heard anything about medical experiments on concentration camp inmates, nor did I see any documents on this subject.
Scientific research and planning, as far as I know, were never the job of the Medical Office of the Waffen SS, but the exclusive job of the Reich Physician SS, Dr. Grawitz. I never heard anything about a typhus experimental station or a vaccine production plant in Block 46 and 50 respectively at the Buchenwald concentration camp.
"I was in charge of the military hospital wards, of office IV of the SS Fuehrungshauptamt, while Standartenfuehrer Mueller was in charge of the independent military hospitals. Dr. Genzken was the superior of the military hospitals wards and the military hospitals.
"In all the wards of which I was in charge there were chiefs of the pay roll office - those were trained officers and non-commissioned officers in the medical administrative service who were in charge of the economic interests of the various offices, and who had to balance their accounts with me. If the "Typhus Research Station" in the Buchenwald concentration camp had been under the Hygiene Institute of the Waffen SS in Berlin and thus under the Medical Office of the Waffen SS it would have had to have such a pay-roll officer, which was never the case.
"I never paid out nor instructed anybody to pay out any budget funds or other copies for scientific experiments or for institutes which served this purpose, because those scientific research matters did not concern the Medical Office of the Waffen SS, but were attended to exclusively by the office of the Reich Physician SS and Police, Dr. Grawitz.
"It was generally known in the Medical Office of the Waffen SS that there were differences between Dr. Genzken and Dr. Grawitz. I don't know any details about this however.
"During my work in the Medical Office of the Waffen SS, Dr. Genzken and I cooperated perfectly, and there never arose any differences of any kind between us. Dr. Genzken was considered to be a just chief in the Medical Office and was generally liked."
The last document I ask you to accept - Document Genzken No. 15 page 51 of the document book, which will become Exhibit Genzken No. 16. This is an affidavit made by the superior of the defendant Dr. Jeuttner who was chief of the SS Operation Main Office.
THE PRESIDENT: Just a moment, counsel, what is the page in the English Document Book?
DR. MERKEL: Page 51, your Honors.
THE PRESIDENT: What is the number of that?
DR. MERKEL: It bears the number 15, Genzken No. 15.
THE PRESIDENT: Genzken Exhibit number what?
DR. MERKEL: Exhibit No. 16, Document 15, Exhibit No. 16.
THE PRESIDENT: You had Exhibit No. 16 for Genzken Document No. 14. What number did you give Genzken No. 14?
DR. MERKEL: Genzken No. 14 was already submitted. It had Exhibit No. 4. I submitted that when examining the witness. That was Genzken No. 4.
JUDGE SEBRING: Would not Genzken No. 15 be Genzken Exhibit No. 15 as well. If not, what is Genzken Exhibit No. 15?
DR. MERKEL: No. Document Genzken No. 15 will become Exhibit No. 1.
JUDGE SEBRING: What will be Exhibit No. 15?
DR. MERKEL: That was Document Genzken No. 17 which I just read. are concerned with a affidavit by Hans Juettner who was the direct chief and superior of the defendant Genzken and chief of the Operational Main Office and I quote:
"From August 1940 (foundation of the SS-Fuehrungshauptamt) SS Operational Main Office until 30 January 1943 I was chief of staff of the SS-Fuehrungshauptamt. Until then Himmler himself was chief of the SS-Fuehrungshauptamt. From 30 January 1943 on I was chief of the SS-Fuehrungshauptamt.
"From July 1940 on I was the military superior of Dr. Genzken, the Chief of the Medical Office of the Waffen SS.
"Dr. Genzken's position as Chief of the Medical Office of the Waffen SS was the position of a troop commander of the medical units of the Waffen SS He was solely responsible for their training, the establishment of new units and their equipment. He was in charge of replacing personnel losses in field troops. For this purpose he had under him a medical reserve unit, several medical schools, military hospitals at home, and, to a limited extent, the SS medical academy. In these units recruits were trained as medical personnel and older Medical enlisted personnel were trained for ratings. In this office he also had to collaborate as an organizer in the different war dispositions of the medical units. Furthermore he was responsible for troop hygiene.
"Dr. Genzken never had anything to do with medical research or scientific experiments, as such things did not belong to his sphere or duties. By reason of a definite written command of Himmler, the Medical Office of the Waffen SS was excluded from scientific research and planning. The latter functions, by reason of this order, was the exclusive responsibility of Reich Physician SS Dr. Grawitz, who was a professor and scientist.
"Dr. Genzken was introduced to me by Dr. Grawitz as successor to Dr. Dermietzel in the summer of 1940. Dr. Dermietzel had to resign owing to personal differences with Dr. Grawitz. In Dr. Genzken I discovered an experienced, seasoned troop medical officer, who appealed to me on account of has open and frank nature. Good cooperation was established. On the other hand, I was quite certain from the very beginning that differences world evenon the arise with the Reich Physician SS, Dr. Grawitz, when Grawitz noticed that Genzken and I had confidence in each other. Grawitz was a morbidly ambitious and vain man who perpetually imagined that his position as Reich physician SS was imperiled if another higher medical officer had an established position of his own. Consequently Grawitz invariably attempted to undermine the positions of such officers by frivolous utterances to Himmler It is known that Himmler unfortunately was deceived by such than a, I can remember that in 1941 Himmler had selected Dr. Genzken as the successor of Grawitz, whose position had become insecure. I informed Dr. Genzken of this intention of Himmler. Dr. Genzken objected energetically, because he preferred to remain in the troop medical service, as he did not consider himself suitable for scientific research. Grawitz apparently somehow or other get mind of this. The result was that the relations between him and. Dr. Genzken became rather strained.
"Another case comes back to me, when I had to ask Grawitz and Genzken to came to see me in order to get them to wake up their differences, because Grawitz had interferred in Dr. Genzken's military authority. Remember quite distinctly that Grawitz and I had rather a stormy encounter on the occasion. Once again the respective competencies of the Reich Physician SS and the Medical office of the Waffen-SS were clearly defined. It was laid down that the Reich Physician SS had only inspectorial and professional jurisdiction ever the troops, whereas the Medical Office of the Waffen SS alone could give orders. On the other hand, all research work came exclusively under the Reich Physician SS; here, the Chief of the Medical Office of the Waffen SS, Dr. Genzken, had no authority to issue orders.
"When Dr. Genzken took up his position in the SS Fuehrungschauptamt he enjoyed the confidence of Himmler, so much so that, as mentioned above, Himmler intended to make Genzken the Reich Physician SS. Through the machinations of Grawitz and whisperings in the ear of Himmler, the situadeteriorated considerably and became so acute that in 1942 Dr. Genzken ask to be released iron his post. He thought that he could no longer enjoy the confidence of the Reichsfuekrer. The reasons for this were repreaches which Himmler was asking against medical officers for neglect of their supervisory duties in preventing venereal disease. Himmler so far forget himself in this matter as, on some groundless suspicion, to describe the medical officers as unprincipled and lacking in a sense of duty. Dr. Genzkel saw himself compelled to declare at a Conference of consultants of the SS Fuehrungshaupsamt, in the presence of about 40 SS Leaders. 'I do not permit any Heinrich Himmler to take away prisoner.'
"I know absolutely nothing about medical experiments carried out on concentration camp inmates, and Dr. Genzken never discussed such nents with me.
"I know nothing about an order from Himmler to Dr. Genzken through me, to set up an institute for typhus research in the Concentration Camp Buchenwald. If such an order was actually given, it could only have been given by Himmler to Grawitz and from the latter to the SS Economic and Administrative Main Office - in view of the prevailing state of affairs for a corporation in the budget.
This Main Office alone was empowered to set up a budget conjointly with the Reich Finance Ministry." And this brings me to the end of my submission of evidence.
JUDGE SEBRING: Doctor, will you go back to your document book and advise us what exhibit number you have given to Genzken Exhibibit No. 4 on page 8?
DR. MERKEL: You are quite right, Mr. President, I beg you to excuse me. I am not submittting that document.
JUDGE SEBRING: It will not be submitted at all?
DR MERKEL: It is not being submitted at all for the simple reason that it is an affidavit of the very same Bl***enreuter and it bears the same contents which I have already read and I think I can well dispense with the reading of this affidavit.
THE PRESIDENT: Then Exhibit 16 - I mean Document No. 16 is your Exhibit No. 14. Is that correct?
DR. MERKEL: Yes, that is correct, Your Honor. I only ask you to permit me, Your Honor, to submit perhaps two or three affidavits which deal with the same subject as we have not yet been able to obtain. Perhaps two or three short statements which I would like to be able to offer subsequently.
THE PRESIDENT: These affidavits may be offered when they are ready to be presented and they will then be considered by the Tribunal.
DR. MERKEL: And this concludes the submission of evidence in the case of the defendant Dr. Karl Genzken.
THE PRESIDENT: Is there any rebuttal by the prosecution?
MR. HARDY: The prosecution has no rebuttal in this case at this time Your Honor.
MR. PRESIDENT: The Tribunal will open the next case - the case of the defendant Gebhardt.
DR. SEIDL (Counsel for defendants Gebhardt and Fischer): Mr. President, Gentlemen of the Tribunal, before I begin to submit evidence on behalf of Dr. Gebhardt and Dr. Fischer I ask you to take notice of the fact that during the course of the examination of the defendant Gebhardt I shall refer to documents of the prosecution which can be found in the following books of the prosecution document books: Document Book No. 1, No. 3, No. 4, No. 5; No. 6, No. 10, No. 11 and No. 13. Furthermore, I shall refer to the following evidence of the prosecution which was submitted outside of the document books, that is, Exhibit No. 211, No. 219, No. 209, and 214. The document book which I submitted contains documents which refer to the defendant Dr. Genhardt, Dr. Oberheuser and Dr. Fischer. For the sake of simplicity I shall submit these documents under the designation "Gebhardt". At a later date I shall submit an annex to the document book. Unfortunately, there has been a delay in the submission of this volume as a number of affidavits have not arrived. With reference to the volume which is available now, I should like to state that it contains a number of affidavits which have been certified in accordance with the rules of the Tribunal but where the certification notice was not included in the document book because the affidavits would have have had to be sent back to the witness for the purposes of certification and since I had already sent these ducuments to the Language Division to be translated, and I shall, at a later date, read the certification into the record.
Gentlemen of the Tribunal, I am beginning the submission of evidence...
THE PRESIDENT: (Interruptiong): The Tribunal understands, Doctor, that you represent the defendants Gebhardt, Fischer and Oberheuser. The Tribunal else understands that you have, in writing, recommended that the defendant Oberheuser be excused at this time on order to undergo an operation at the American Hospital in Nurnberg. That was with your approval and consent as will be made a matter of record before the Tribunal. That is correct, is it not?
DR. SEIDL: Yes, Mr. President, that is correct.
THE PRESIDENT: And I understand that in offering evidence on behalf of the defendants Gebhardt and Fischer that you are reserving the right to offer that same evidence, by reference, when the case against the defendant Oberheuser is called when she is able to be again present in Court and present her defense. Is that correct?
DR. SEIDL: Mr. President, the document book which I have submitted contains documents which refer to all three of the defendants. When the turn of the defendant Oberheuser comes, I shall refer to these documents without it being necessary to read them once more and again submit them to the Tribunal. All the documents which are available here I am going to submit within the frame of presentation of evidence at the moment, and for that reason it will not be necessary to again submit these documents. I naturally reserve the right that I will be able to refer to this evidence in the case of the defendant Oberhe**er.
THE PRESIDENT: The Tribunal understands, Doctor, that *****ur opinion the rights of the defendant Qberherser will not be prejudiced before the Tribunal by following that plan. Is that correct?
DR. SEIDL: Yes, that is correct.
THE PRESIDENT: As Counsel for defendant Oberheuser you are content of with that procedure and, in your opinion, the rights of the defendant Oberheuser will in no wise be prejudiced by following that procedure, is that correct?
DR. SEIDEL: I'm of the opinion that through this procedure the rights of the defendant Oberheuser are not going to be prejudiced I have already stated that in my written application to the Tribunal a few days ago.
THE PRESIDENT: The Tribunal has your written application and it will seen be made a matter of record upon the record of this Tribunal.
Counsel, you may proceed.
DR. SEIDL: Gentlemen of the Tribunal, I begin the submission of the document evidence with the presentation of a few affidavits which refer to the personality and activity of the defendant Dr. Karl Gebhardt.
THE PRESIDENT: Will the Secretary General procure the document books for the Tribunal - the prosecution document books referred to by the Counsel?
DR. SEIDL: The first document I an submitting is an affidavit of the Swiss professor, Dr. Iselin, dated 8 January 1947. This document is on page 52 of my document book and it beats #7 in the index. Professor Dr. Iselin from Basle is one of the best known European surgeons and can be designated as the most renowned specialist for orthopedy. I am submitting this affidavit as Exhibit Genhardt No. 1, and I quote:
MR. HARDY: If it please the Tribunal, am I correct in understanding Dr. Seidl that this is an example of what he is referring to when he states that this does not have a jurat and that he is securing same or will have that read into the record at a later date?
DR. SEIDL: This is one of the pieces of evidence which is already certified.
MR. HARDY: Since the jurat is on this, I withdraw the objection.
DR. SEIDIL: I quote:
"Basle, 6 January 1947.
"Having been informed of the consequences of a false affidavit I testify tho following for the purpose of submitting it as evidence to the Military Tribunal No. 1 in Nurnberg:
"1. Personal Data:
"I have no knowledge of the reasons for and the contents of the indictment against Professor Karl Gebhardt, M.D. "I do not know Professor Gebhardt personally; we have only corresponded with each other because of scientific activities.
Personally I have never heard anything unfavorable about him, and on account of his scientific work and activities I imagined him to be extremely initiative, serious of strong character, and also decent; that for the way in which he respected and acknowledged the work of other authors suggests an honest disposition.
"I would not have believed anything wrong of Professor Gebhardt. Although, of course, restorave-orthopedy and subsequent treatment need strong will-power on the part of the physician, to overcome weak-willed and probably work-shy patients, in this therapy a certain animosity often remains with the person forcefully handled and frequently, even if one tries to avoid causing pain, these therapeutic measures are misunderstood as violence.
"2. Relevant Facts:
"My attention was first drawn to Professor Genhardt through his collaboration in the text-book 'Complete Restorative Surgery' by Professor Erich Lexer.
"Gebhardt composed a chapter on 'The Subsequent Treatment of Motoric Disorders after Injuries and Operations.' I mention further the following works:
"Ski Injuries. (Munich, Medical Weekly 1929) "Injuries to, and After Effects on, the Motoric System through Skiing.
(Munich, Medical Weekly 1929) "Clinical and Xray Observations and Joint Damages.
(German Surgical Journal 1923) "Paraarticular Bleeding By Hemorrhage into Joint Capsules.
(Munich Medical Weekly 1931) "Surgical Gymnastics.
(Barth Publishing Company, Leipsig 1931) "Ligament Injury of the Knee Joint.
(Barth Publishing Company 1933) "Physi*therapy.
(Fischer Publishing Company, Jona 1934) "Natural Adjustment and Restorative Surgery.
(German Association for Surgery 1936) "General Reconstruction Surgery.
(German Association for Surgery 1936) "Treatment of Tear of the Achilles tendon.
(Clinical Surgery Archives 189.)
"Restorative Surgery for the Achilles tendon. Clinical Surgery Archives 1937) "Regeneration, Its Application in Surgery.
(Central Surgical Journal 1939) "Treatment of Bone and Joint Tuberculosis based on the Hohenlychen Experiments 1933-1933.
(Barth Publishing Company, 1939) "Later works are not known to me.
"I reported on the 'Remedial Exercises' for the Swiss Medical Weekly, and sent him a copy. He thanked me and so we came to the mutual exchange of our scientific works, because we had the same aim.
"From his works it can be seen that tho aim of his endeavors was to help the physically defective, to rehabilitate them into the economic process and to make them again normal, useful members of the community. We discovered each other in the course of these endeavors. Later on he ordered 50 copies of my work on protheses 'The Amputation of the Upper Extremities' from the Bonno Schwabe Publishing Company of Basle, because a now work of this kind on arm prothesis was not available in Germany. He wanted them to give to the guest at Hohenlychen. This pamphlet defines the common ain, the rehabilitation of the injured and mutilated for work."
"Signed: Professor ISE*IN" The certification has the following wording:
"I certify that this is a true and correct copy of the original document. Basle. 13 January 1947. Office of Basle, town and signature."
As second affidavit, I am submitting a statement made by Professor Dr. Buerkle De La Camp, who comes from Bochum, which can be found on page 55 of my document book. This affidavit will become Genhardt Exhibit No. 2. Professor of these proceedings, is the leading physician of the Surgical Department of the Hospital Bergmannsheil at Bochum. He is one of the leading German surgeons who, during the war, was a consulting surgeon with the Luftwaffe. I quote:
"Bocum, 10 January 1947.
"Affidavit "I declare under oath as follows, and I agree to having this declaration submitted to the American Military Tribunal at Nurnberg.
I know that a false affidavit given to a court will render me liable to punishment.
"Re: Person: Professor Heinrich Buerkle de la Camp, M.D. born 3 June 1893 at Bonndorf (Baden), married, Chief Physician of the Surgical Department of the hospital Bergrannsheil at Bochum.
"Re: Subject: The questions put to me by Defense counsel Dr. Seidl? I answer as follows:
"1. I have known Professor Karl Gebhardt, M.D., since 1928, At the time, Gebhardt was an assistant physician with Geheimrat Sauerbruch at the Surgical Clinic of the University of Munich. On 1 October 1928, the management of this hospital was taken over by Geheimrat Lexer, under whom I was chief physician. At that time Gebhardt was chief physician in the Physical Education Department of the Surgical Clinic of the University, and an instructor in physiotherapy. Geheimrat Lexer attached special importance to the follow-up treatment of injuries of the limbs, and of operations of restorative surgery taught, practiced, and expanded by Gebhardt. This is evidence from the fact alone that Geheimrat Lexer had Gebhardt draw up a special concluding chapter on. 'Fellow-up Treatment' to his great important work 'The Entire Restorative Surgery', written by Lexer alone.
"Gebhardt proved to be so good an assistant physician of the surgical clinic and chief physician of the Department for Follow-up Treatment, that Geheimrat Lexer, who was otherwise very particular, offered him to habilitate. This habilitation took place at the medical faculty in Munich in 1932. Gebhardt was very well liked as instructor physician, and co-assistant at the clinic.
"Gebhardt established a training camp for apprentices at Hohenaschau. There he assembled, during the vacations, many weak, recuperating, and convalescent apprentices from various enterprises. They remained there for many weeks, in order to strengthen them under medical supervision, and with the aid of physical education instructors and to restore their fitness for professional and physical work. This was a highly meritorious action of great social significance. This was emphasized by everybody, again and again, when the training camp for apprentices was repeated. Whoever inspected this training camp was full of praise for this unique organization, which obliterates social inequalities and the very life and soul of which was Gebhardt. Later, Gebhardt made use of the knowledge and experience he had gained at this training camp, at the mental institution Hohenlychen.
"2. I am able to confirm that at the conference of consulting physicians at Hohenlychen, in 1944, experiments on human beings were not mentioned, at any rate not in the surgery lectures. I further confirm that medical officers of the SS did not play a prominent part during this conference in any respect. I did not notice that *******, who generally was not mentioned very favorably, was emphasized in any way. Himmler was not present for I would have noticed that, since I have never soon Himmler at all.
"The sanatoriums at Hohenlychen had a good reputation all over. Hohenlychen was especially important in sport circles. The sanatoriums, at Hohenlychen had a good reputation all over. Hohenlychen was expecially important in sport circles. The sanatoriums, however, also played a leading role in the treatment of bone tuberculosis and of operations of restorative surgery. Special attention was paid to the treatment of the after affects of infantile paralysis. In this field, Gebhardt carried out many beneficial operations. I know this from inspections of the sanatoriums at Hohenlychen, as well as from Gebhardt's lectures and lectures by his pupils and from scientific publications.
3. I remember very clearly, and confirm, that Gebhardt painted a rather gloomy picture of the political and military development of the war in a discussion with Professor Wachsmuth and me. These remarks were made subsequent to a discussion which Professor Wachsmuth and I had as main lecturers of the conference, about the limitations of our lectures. On this occasion Gebhardt stated that the enemy would invade Germany from the East and from the West, and that one had to reckon wish a complete destruction of German cities, and with a total annihilation of the German Wehrmacht, if it were not possible to become master of the situation at the last moment. At the time, I was quite upset to hear that such a catastrophe was expected in the highest circles of the SS.
Gebhardt also told us on this occasion that we should impress upon the competent authorities that they do not assign surgeons either from the Army or from the Luftwaffe to the SS, since membership in the SS would mean great personal danger for those surgeons, due to the threatening catastrophe.
"signed - Buerkle De la Camp, M.D."
The certification reads as follows: "The signature of Professor Dr. Buerkle De la Camp, presiding in Bochum, is certified herewith. Bochum, 3 February 1947, Notary RAUCH."
As the third document I am submitting an affidavit by Generalarzt Dr. Rudolf von Heuss, retired from Heeresdienst, page 59, of the document book. This will become Gebhardt Exhibit No. 3. Generalarzt von Heuss is 72 years of age. He was medical officer in the old Bavarian Army, and has known Gebhardt ever since the year 1920. He knew him. at the time when Gebhardt was only 21 years of age. I quote:
a f f i d a v i t I, Generalarzt (retired) Dr. Rudolf von HEUSS, residing in Munich, Kaisseplatz 11, have been informed that I make myself liable for punishment, if I give a false affidavit, I declare under out that my statement is true and has been made in order to be submitted as evidence to Military Tribunal No. I in the Palace of Justice in Nuremberg, Germany:
It shall be demonstrated in the following 1. when and under what circumstances I made the acquaintance of Professor Dr. Karl GEBHARDT, 2. how or under which scientific and social points of view our collaboration took place, 3. what were the results of this collaboration 4. what impression I mattered of the character of Professor Dr. GEBHARDT in the course of this collaboration which lasted for years.
Personal data: I am almost 72 years of age. I was an active army physician and retired in 1926. Since 1906 I have been working as a specialist for diseases of the eye in Munich, and I am still practicing today with the consent of the Military Government.
During the twenties I was for many years chairman of one Munich Catholic parents Association; chairman of the League for Blind (Civilians); responsible head of the Reich League of Large Families in Bavaria for many years; until 1936 first chairman of the Munich Physicians' Association. I was removed from the first office in 1933, because I was not a member of the Party.