THE KELLOGG-BRIAND PACT
[1929 REICHSGESETZBLATT, PART II, NUMBER 9, pages 97-101.] .
The President of the German Reich, the President of the United States of America, His Majesty the King of the Belgians, the President of the French Republic, His Majesty the King of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Emperor of India, His Majesty the King of Italy, His Majesty the Emperor of Japan, the President of the Republic of Poland, and President of the Czechoslovak Republic,
Deeply sensible of their solemn duty to promote the welfare of mankind ;
Persuaded that the time has come when a frank renunciation of war as an instrument of national policy should be made to the end that the peaceful and friendly relations now existing between their peoples may be perpetuated ;
Convinced that all changes in their relations with one another should be sought only by pacific means and be the result of a peaceful and orderly process, and that any signatory Power which shall hereafter seek to promote its national interests by resort to war should be denied the benefits furnished by this Treaty ;
Hopeful that, encouraged by their example, all the othgr nations of the world will join in this humane endeavour and by adhering to the present Treaty as soon as it comes into force bring their peoples within the scope of its bénéficient provisions, thus uniting the civilized nations of the world in a common renunciation of war as an instrument of their national policy;
Have decided to conclude a Treaty and for that purpose have appointed as their respective Plenipotentiaries :
The President of the German Reich :
Dr. Gustav Stresemann, Minister for Foreign Affairs;
The President of the United States of America:
The Honorable Frank B. Kellogg, Secretary of State;
His Majesty the King of the_ Belgians :
Mr. Paul Hymans, Minister for Foreign Affairs, Minister of State ;
The President of the French Republic :
Mr. Aristide Briand, Minister for Foreign Affairs;
His Majesty the King of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Emperor of India:
For Great Britain and Northern Ireland and all parts of the British Empire which are not separate Members of the League of Nations:
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TC-19
The Right Honourable Lord Cushendun, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, Acting Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs;
For the Dominion of Canada:
The Right Honourable William Lyon Mackenzie King, Prime Minister and Minister for External Affairs;
For the Commonwealth of Australia:
The Honourable Alexander John McLachlan, Member of the Executive Federal Council;
For the Dominion of New Zealand:
The Honourable Sir Christopher James Parr, High Commissioner for New Zealand in Great Britain;
For the Union of South Africa:
The Honourable Jacobus Stephanus Smit, High Commissioner for the Union of South Africa in Great Britain; For the Irish Free State:
Mr. William Thomas Cosgrave, President of the Executive Council; '
For India:'
The Right Honourable Lord Cushendun, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, acting Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs;
His Majesty the King of Italy:
Count Gaetano Manzoni, his Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary at Paris.
His Majesty the Emperor of Japan:
Count Uchida, Privy Councillor;
The President of the Republic of Poland:
Mr. A. Zaleski, Minister for Foreign Affairs;
The President of the Czechoslovak Republic:
Dr. Eduard Benes, Minister for Foreign Affairs;
who, having communicated to one another their full powers found in good and due form have agreed upon the following articles.
Article I
The High Contracting Parties solemnly declare in the names of their respective peoples that they condemn recourse to war for the solution of international controversies, and renounce it as an instrument of national policy in their relations with one another.
- Article II
The High Contracting Parties agree that the settlement or solution of all disputes or conflicts of whatever nature or of what-
360
TC-19
êVer origin they may be,, which may arise among them, shall never be sought except by pacific means.
Article III
The present Treaty shall be ratified by the High Contracting Parties named in the Preamble in accordance with their respective constitutional requirements, and shall take effect as between them as soon as all their several instruments of ratification shall have been deposited at Washington.
This Treaty shall, when it has come into effect as prescribed in the preceding paragraph, remain open as long as may be necessary for adherence by all the other Powers of the world. Every instrument evidencing the adherence of a Power shall be deposited at Washington and the Treaty shall immediately upon such deposit become effective as between the Power thus adhering and the other Powers parties hereto.
It shall be the duty of the Government of the United States to furnish each Government named in the Preamble and every Government subsequently adhering to this Treaty with a certified copy of the Treaty and of every instrument of ratification or adherence. It shall also be the duty of the. Government of the United States telegraphically to notify such Governments imme^ diately upon thè deposit with it of each instrument of ratification or adherence.
In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed this Treaty in the French and English languages both texts having equal force, and hereunto affix their seals.
Done at Paris, the twenty-seventh day of August in the year one thousand nine hundred and twenty-eight. ,
(Seal) Gustav Stresemann
(Seal) Frank B. Kellogg
(Seal) Paul Hymans
(Seal) Ari Briand
(Seal) Cushenden
(Seal) W. L. Mackenzie King
(Seal) A. J. McLachlan
(Seal) C. J. Parr
(Seal) J. S. Smit
(Seal) Liam T. MacCosgair
(Seal) Cushenden
(Seal) G. Manzoni
(Seal) Uchida
. (Seal) August Zaleski ,
(Seal) Dr. Eduard Benes
Kellogg-Briand Pact, renouncing war and agreeing to settle disputes "by pacific means"
Authors
Gustav Stresemann (German foreign minister (1925-28))
Gustav Stresemann
German politician, statesman, and Nobel Peace Prize laureate (1878-1929)
- Born: 1878-05-10 (Berlin)
- Died: 1929-10-03 (Berlin)
- Country of citizenship: Germany
- Occupation: diplomat; politician; statesperson
- Member of political party: German Democratic Party (period: 1918-01-01 through 1918-01-01); German People's Party (period: 1918-01-01 through 1929-01-01); National Liberal Party (period: 1907-01-01 through 1918-01-01); National-Social Association
- Member of: Q15433012; Q892733
- Position held: Chancellor of Germany (period: 1923-08-13 through 1923-11-23; replaced by: Wilhelm Marx; replaces: Wilhelm Cuno); German Foreign Minister (period: 1923-08-13 through 1929-10-03; replaced by: Julius Curtius; replaces: Hans von Rosenberg); Reich Chancellor in the Weimar Republic (period: 1923-08-13 through 1923-11-23; replaced by: Wilhelm Marx; replaces: Wilhelm Cuno); member of the Reichstag of the German Empire
- Educated at: Frederick William University; Humboldt University of Berlin; Leipzig University
Frank B. Kellogg (US secretary of state (1928))
Frank B. Kellogg
American politician (1856-1937)
- Born: 1856-12-22 (Potsdam)
- Died: 1937-12-21 (Saint Paul)
- Country of citizenship: United States of America
- Occupation: diplomat; foreign minister; judge; lawyer
- Member of political party: Republican Party
- Position held: United States Secretary of State (period: 1925-03-05 through 1929-03-28; replaced by: Henry L. Stimson; replaces: Charles Evans Hughes); United States senator (elected in: 1916 United States Senate election in Minnesota; electoral district: Minnesota Class 1 senate seat; parliamentary group: Republican Party); ambassador
- Spouse: Clara Cook Kellogg
- VIAF ID: https://viaf.org/viaf/13120217
Paul Hymans (Belgian foreign minister (1928))
Paul Hymans
politician from Belgium (1865-1941)
- Born: 1865-03-23 (Ixelles - Elsene)
- Died: 1941-03-08 (Nice)
- Country of citizenship: Belgium
- Occupation: diplomat; jurist; lawyer; politician
- Member of political party: Liberal Party
- Position held: Belgian Minister of Foreign Trade (member of cabinet: Theunis IV government; period: 1934-11-20 through 1935-03-25; replaced by: Paul van Zeeland); Minister of Foreign Affairs in Belgium (period: 1918-01-01 through 1920-08-28, 1924-03-11 through 1925-05-13, ..., 1934-11-20 through 1935-03-25); Minister of Justice of Belgium (period: 1926-05-20 through 1927-11-22; replaced by: Paul-Émile Janson; replaces: Prosper Poullet); ambassador
- Educated at: Free University of Brussels
- Spouse: Thérèse Goldschmidt
Aristide Briand (French prime minister and foreign minister)
Aristide Briand
politician, statesman, and Nobel Peace Prize laureate from France (1862-1932)
- Born: 1862-03-28 (Nantes)
- Died: 1932-03-07 (Paris)
- Country of citizenship: France
- Occupation: diplomat; journalist; lawyer; politician
- Member of political party: Republican-Socialist Party; Socialist Party
- Member of: Hellenic Philological Society of Constantinople (role: honorary member; since: 1907-01-01)
- Position held: President of the Council (period: 1909-07-24 through 1911-02-27, 1913-01-21 through 1913-03-18, ..., 1929-07-29 through 1929-11-02; replaced by: Alexandre Ribot, André Tardieu, ..., Édouard Herriot; replaces: Georges Clemenceau, Georges Leygues, ..., René Viviani); member of the French National Assembly (period: 1924-01-01 through 1932-01-01)
- Employer: L'Humanité
Ronald Cushenden (Baron; acting secretary of state for foreign affairs (1928))
Ronald Cushenden
British politician (1861-1934)
- Born: 1861-04-30 1861-01-01 (Ulster) (reason for preferred rank: most precise value)
- Died: 1934-01-01 1934-10-12 (Cushendun) (reason for preferred rank: most precise value)
- Country of citizenship: United Kingdom; United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (end cause: Royal and Parliamentary Titles Act 1927; until: 1927-04-12)
- Occupation: barrister; cricketer; journalist; politician
- Member of political party: Conservative Party
- Member of: Lincoln's Inn (since: 1887-01-01)
- Position held: Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (period: 1927-10-19 through 1929-06-04; replaced by: Oswald Mosley; replaces: Robert Cecil); Financial Secretary to the Treasury (period: 1925-11-05 through 1927-11-01; replaced by: Arthur Samuel, 1st Baron Mancroft; replaces: Walter Guinness, 1st Baron Moyne); Member of the 30th Parliament of the United Kingdom (elected in: UK Parliamentary by-election; electoral district: St Augustine's; end cause: dissolution of parliament); Member of the 31st Parliament of the United Kingdom (elected in: 1918 United Kingdom general election; electoral district: Canterbury; end cause: dissolution of parliament)
- Educated at: Christ Church; Harrow School
William L. Mackenzie King (Canadian prime minister (1928))
William L. Mackenzie King
10th Prime Minister of Canada (1874-1950)
- Born: 1874-12-17 (Kitchener)
- Died: 1950-07-22 (The Farm)
- Country of citizenship: Canada
- Occupation: diarist; diplomat; economist; journalist
- Member of political party: Liberal Party of Canada
- Position held: Member of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom; Prime Minister of Canada (period: 1921-12-29 through 1926-06-28, 1926-09-25 through 1930-08-07, 1935-10-23 through 1948-11-15; replaced by: Arthur Meighen, Louis St. Laurent, Richard Bedford Bennett; replaces: Arthur Meighen, Richard Bedford Bennett); leader of the Liberal Party of Canada (elected in: 1919 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election; end cause: retirement; period: 1919-08-07 through 1948-08-07); member of the House of Commons of Canada
- Employer: Harvard University
- Educated at: Harvard University; Osgoode Hall Law School; University of Chicago; University of Toronto
John McLachlan (executive federal council, Australia (1928))
John McLachlan
Australian politician
- Born: 1872-11-02 (Naracoorte)
- Died: 1956-05-28 (East Melbourne)
- Country of citizenship: Australia
- Occupation: politician
- Member of political party: Nationalist Party of Australia
- Position held: Member of the Australian Senate (electoral district: South Australia; period: 1926-02-24 through 1944-06-30; replaces: John Newland)
- Educated at: University of Adelaide
- VIAF ID: https://viaf.org/viaf/114144648538201483442
Christopher J. Parr (Sir; high commissioner for New Zealand (1928))
Christopher J. Parr
New Zealand politician
- Born: 1869-05-18
- Died: 1941-05-02
- Country of citizenship: New Zealand
- Occupation: diplomat; lawyer; politician
- Position held: Member of the New Zealand Parliament; Minister of Education (period: 1920-04-03 through 1926-05-24; replaced by: Robert Alexander Wright; replaces: Francis Bell); Minister of Health (period: 1920-04-03 through 1923-06-07; replaced by: Maui Pomare; replaces: Francis Bell); Minister of Justice (period: 1923-06-27 through 1926-01-18; replaced by: Frank Rolleston; replaces: Francis Bell)
- VIAF ID: https://viaf.org/viaf/61250038
- ISNI: https://isni.org/isni/0000000044426960
- WorldCat Identities ID: https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-no2004016288
Jacobus S. Smit (high commissioner for South Africa (1928))
Jacobus S. Smit
- Additional details not yet available.
Liam T. MacCosgair (Irish diplomat (1928) (aka William T. Cosgrave?))
Liam T. MacCosgair
Irish politician (1880-1965)
- Born: 1880-06-06 (Dublin)
- Died: 1965-11-16 (Dublin)
- Country of citizenship: Irish Free State; Irish Republic; Republic of Ireland; United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
- Occupation: politician
- Member of political party: Cumann na nGaedheal; Fine Gael; Sinn Féin
- Military rank: captain
- Position held: Irish Minister for Finance (period: 1922-07-17 through 1923-09-21; replaced by: Ernest Blythe; replaces: Michael Collins); Irish Minister for Justice and Equality (period: 1927-07-10 through 1927-10-12; replaced by: James FitzGerald-Kenney; replaces: Kevin O'Higgins); Leader of Fine Gael (period: 1934-06-17 through 1944-06-01; replaced by: Richard Mulcahy; replaces: Eoin O'Duffy); Member of the 30th Parliament of the United Kingdom (elected in: UK Parliamentary by-election; electoral district: Kilkenny City; end cause: dissolution of parliament)
- Spouse: Louisa Flanagan
Gaetano Manzoni (Count; Italian ambassador (1928))
Gaetano Manzoni
Italian politician (1871-1937)
- Born: 1871-10-16 (Lugo)
- Died: 1937-08-18 (Kandersteg)
- Country of citizenship: Kingdom of Italy
- Occupation: diplomat; politician
- Position held: senator of the Kingdom of Italy
- VIAF ID: https://viaf.org/viaf/5146635497541980232
- WorldCat Identities ID: https://worldcat.org/identities/viaf-5146635497541980232
Uchida Kosai (Count, Japanese privy councillor)
Uchida Kosai
Japanese statesman, diplomat and interim prime minister (1865-1936)
- Born: 1865-11-17 (Yatsushiro)
- Died: 1936-03-12 (Tokyo)
- Country of citizenship: Japan
- Occupation: diplomat; politician
- Position held: Japanese Ambassador to the United States (period: 1909-01-01 through 1911-01-01); acting prime minister (period: 1923-08-24 through 1923-09-02; replaced by: Yamamoto Gonnohyōe; replaces: Katō Tomosaburō); ambassador; ambassador of Japan to Russia (period: 1916-01-01 through 1918-01-01)
- Educated at: Doshisha University; University of Tokyo Graduate School for Law and Politics
- VIAF ID: https://viaf.org/viaf/198934709
- ISNI: https://isni.org/isni/0000000357491579
A. Zaleski (Polish foreign minister (1928))
A. Zaleski
Polish economist, politician, and diplomat (1883-1972)
- Born: 1883-09-30 1883-09-13 (Warsaw)
- Died: 1972-04-07 (London)
- Country of citizenship: Poland
- Occupation: diplomat; economist; historian; politician
- Member of political party: independent politician
- Position held: Minister of Foreign Affairs; ambassador
- Educated at: London School of Economics and Political Science
- VIAF ID: https://viaf.org/viaf/13194788
Eduard Benes (Dr., Czechoslovak foreign minister)
Eduard Benes
Czechoslovak politician (1884-1948)
- Born: 1884-05-28 (Kožlany)
- Died: 1948-09-03 (Sezimovo Ústí)
- Country of citizenship: Austria-Hungary; Czechoslovakia
- Occupation: association football player; diplomat; lecturer; politician
- Member of political party: Czech National Social Party
- Member of: Romanian Academy; scouting
- Position held: Minister of Foreign Affairs (Czechoslovakia) (period: 1918-11-14 through 1935-12-18; replaced by: Milan Hodža); President of Czechoslovakia (period: 1935-12-18 through 1938-10-05, 1940-01-01 through 1945-04-02; replaced by: Emil Hácha; replaces: Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk); Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (period: 1921-09-26 through 1922-10-07; replaced by: Antonín Švehla; replaces: Jan Černý)
- Employer: Charles University
Reich Legal Gazette (Reichsgesetzblatt)
Germany (treaties, diplomatic statements, proclamations)
United States (treaties, agreements, diplomatic statements)
Belgium (treaties, agreements, diplomatic statements)
France/French Republic (treaties, agreements, diplomatic statements)
United Kingdom/Great Britain (treaties, agreements, diplomatic statements)
Italy (treaties, agreements, diplomatic statements)
Japan (treaties, agreements, diplomatic statements)
Poland (treaties, agreements, diplomatic statements)
Czechoslovakia (treaties, agreements, diplomatic statements)
Date: 27 August 1928
Literal Title: Reichsgesetzblatt 1929 . . . The Kellog[g]-Briand Pact
Total Pages: 3
Language of Text: English
Source of Text: Nazi conspiracy and aggression (Office of United States Chief of Counsel for Prosecution of Axis Criminality. Washington, D.C. : U.S. Government Printing Office, 1946.)
Evidence Code: TC-19
Citations: IMT (page 960), IMT (page 1102)
HLSL Item No.: 450665
Notes:The Irish representative apparently used two names, William T. Cosgrave and Liam T. MacCosgair.
Document Summary
Doc Book Tables of Contents
TC-19: Kellogg-Briand Pact between Germany and Poland, providing for renunciation of war as an instrument of national policy, signed at Paris, 27 August 1928.
Kellogg-Briand Pact at Paris, 1929. Reichsgesetzblatt, Part II, No. 9, Pages 97-101.
Kellogg-Briand Pact between Germany, Norway and Denmark, providing for renunciation of war as an instrument of national policy, signed at Paris, 27 August 1928.